● Personality traits play a significant role in individuals' tendency to substance.
● Antagonism had a higher relationship with the tendency to substance use.
● The severity of maladaptive traits on the tendency for substance wasn't significant effect.
Plain Language Summary
The results of this study showed that maladaptive personality features have a significant relationship with the tendency to addiction. we can consider it in individual therapies and as an effective way to encourage people to maintain healthy and provide practical strategies for avoiding future drug use.

● According to Pearson correlation coefficient results, there is a significant relationship between total problem solving ability and the dimensions of the problem solving ability (self-confidence in problem solving, avoidant attachment to problem style and self-control) and quality of life of mothers of autistic children.
● According regression analysis self-confidence in problem solving is the most powerful predictor of quality of life.
Plain Language Summary
Parents of children with autism spectrum disorders are more prone to anxiety and depression and have a lower level of life quality in comparison of normal population. Stress and negative emotions often lead to anxiety, depression and anger and affect the quality of life. Problem solving makes parents of autistic children better to adapt. Increasing awareness and adaptation and providing solutions for mother to adapt more to the common problems of children with autism, leads to reducing mothers' problems. The current paper aims at investigating the relationship between problem solving ability and the quality of life of mothers of Autism Spectrum Disorder (AS) children. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between problem solving ability and the dimensions of the problem solving ability (self-confidence in problem solving, avoidant attachment to problem style and self-control and quality of life. Regression analysis also showed self-confidence in problem solving as the most powerful predictor of quality of life.

● Applying cognitive training significantly enhances working memory.
● Software-based cognitive training was less effective than classic training.
● Selective attention was more enhanced by classic than software-based training.
Plain Language Summary
Epilepsy is a brain disorder with different manifestations. The prevalence is one to two out of 200 individuals. The disease manifests in various types, including Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (TLE). Memory and attention particularly working memory and selective attention are the functions that could be affected by TLE. Numerous children with seizure disorders experience learning difficulties due to memory and attention complications. It is noteworthy that patients with focal seizures present more failures in selective attention assessments, compared to generalized seizures. Few studies have addressed the psychological interventions regarding this issue. Hence, we aimed to compare the effects of the non-computerized training package and Captain’s Log software package on enhancing working memory and selective attention in patients with TLE. In this study, 45 cases diagnosed with TLE were selected and categorized into two case groups (non-computerized training package, Captain’s Log software package) and one control group. Data analysis indicated a significant difference in the scores of the components of working memory in the first case group, compared to the second case group and the controls. Therefore, the non-computerized package of working memory and selective attention were significantly more effective compared to the Captain’s Log computerized package. Although training (either software-based or non-software packages) enhances cognitive and executive functi

● Difficulties in the ER could predict the tendency to IPV.
● Difficulties in ER were directly associated with a tendency to IPV.
● Impulsivity presented a mediating role between difficulties in ER and the tendency to IPV.
● Experiential avoidance played a mediating role between difficulties in ER and the tendency to IPV.
Plain Language Summary
Internet pornography, defined as any pornographic content, i.e. accessible over the internet, is associated with family and marital dysfunctions, psychological distress, and poor social and vocational performance. Research has suggested that deficiency in the ER can be responsible for IPV. However, there is no clear understanding of the possible underlying mechanisms by which difficulties in ER may influence IPV. In this study, we investigated the direct and indirect effects of difficulties in ER, impulsivity, and experiential avoidance on the tendency to IPV using a structural equation modeling approach. According to our study results, the model had a good fit with the collected data. The obtained results indicated that difficulties in the ER were positively associated with the tendency to IPV. Moreover, impulsivity and experiential avoidance presented direct effects on the tendency to IPV, and a mediating role between difficulties in ER and tendency to IPV.

● The atypical pattern of social anxiety is different from its prototype.
● Based on this pattern, the impulsivity and risk perception can predict the variance of anger in individuals with social anxiety.
● It is necessary to pay serious attention to impulsivity and risk perception in understanding and treating individuals with SAD and their anger.
Plain Language Summary
A subset of individuals with social anxiety disorder who are aggressive, impulsive, and novelty seeker is different from its prototype. This research aimed to explain anger in individuals with the atypical pattern of SAD based on impulsivity and risk perception. Previous studies failed to concurrently explain the relationship between impulsivity, risk perception and anger concerning the atypical pattern of SAD. The results of this research showed that risk perception and impulsivity are essential variables in predicting anger in individuals with SAD. Impulsivity directly predicted the level of anger, but risk perception inversely predicted it. In other words, the more individuals with SAD encounter higher risk perception, the less they are involved in hostile and aggressive behaviors. Thus, risk-taking and impulsive individuals with SAD may not well benefit from existing interventions. Accordingly, accurate diagnosis and better treatment of these individuals is necessary concerning modifying their risk perception and impulsivity.

● ERS-GPQ has acceptable and good psychometric properties.
● Adaptive emotion-regulation strategies include problem solving, reappraisal, and acceptance.
● Maladaptive emotion-regulation strategies include denial, behavioral avoidance, rumination, thought suppression.
Plain Language Summary
We aimed to develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Emotion Regulation Strategies for Germophobia Questionnaire (ERS-GPQ) in Iran. According to the Confirmatory factor analyses and goodness of fit indexes, the ERS-GPQ illustrate acceptable validity and reliability. The ERS-GPQ is a adequate measure for the specific assessment of the emotion regulation strategies for germophobia during pandemic of COVID-19 in the Iran.

● Compassion-focused therapy effectively enhanced psychological wellbeing in HIV-infected patients.
● Compassion-focused therapy was effective in the improvement of life expectancy and psychological flexibility in HIV-infected patients.
● Compassion-focused therapy effectively improved psychological wellbeing, life expectancy, and psychological flexibility in patients with HIV.
Plain Language Summary
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV) is a progressive and prevalent disease. Individuals receiving modern therapies have a longer lifespan, but dealing with the disease and its therapeutic side effects significantly impact their mental health. These patients need to receive psychotherapy. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of recent interventions on the psychological status of this group. In this study, the effectiveness of compassion-based therapy, which is one of the new therapies in psychotherapy approaches, was evaluated in patients with HIV. The relevant results suggested that this treatment improved mental health, psychological flexibility, and life expectancy in the study participants.

● CBMI successfully reduced interpretation bias in children with OCD.
● Reduction in interpretation bias resulted in decreased OCD severity.
● Online implementation of CBMI was effective in children with OCD.
Plain Language Summary
Intrusive and troubling thoughts and impulses are experienced by almost everyone; however, individuals with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) interpret these thoughts and impulses as more important and more threatening than they are. This condition is called interpretation bias, i.e. an essential factor in OCD. Interpretation bias can be modified using different methods which are collectively known as Cognitive Bias Modification of Interpretation (CBMI). Previous research has suggested that CBMI can reduce interpretation bias in adults with OCD and decrease the severity of their disorder; however, no study has investigated the effects of this method in children. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effects of CBMI on children with OCD; we also examined whether an online version of this intervention can be effective for children. We delivered this online intervention to 18 children and compared them with 17 other children who received a placebo intervention. The present study results reflected that online CBMI is capable of reducing interpretation bias in children with OCD and decreasing the severity of their disorder. So many children with OCD have no access to or fail to benefit from the common interventions for this disorder. Furthermore, this new treatment is so much more brief and inexpensive and does not even require leaving the hou