Volume 11, Issue 4 (Autumn 2023)
PCP 2023, 11(4): 277-286 |
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Homayounnia Firouzjah M, Dehestani Ardekani M, Azadian Dalasm R. Retracted Article: The Effect of Paintball Game on Motor Performance, Neuropsychological and Social Skills Children With Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. PCP 2023; 11 (4) :277-286
URL: http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-888-en.html
URL: http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-888-en.html
1- Department of Physical Education, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran.
2- Department of Sport Sciences, Ardakan University, Ardakan, Iran. ,m.dehestani@ardakan.ac.ir
3- Department of Educational Sciences, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran.
2- Department of Sport Sciences, Ardakan University, Ardakan, Iran. ,
3- Department of Educational Sciences, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran.
Abstract: (2594 Views)
Statement of Retraction:
In accordance with the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) Retraction Guidelines, the PDF and HTML versions of this article have been updated to prominently display the notice:
"This article has been retracted due to plagiarism."
This notice is clearly visible to all readers accessing the article, ensuring transparency and maintaining the integrity of the scholarly record.
Objective: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common behavioral disorders in children. This study aims to investigate the effect of baseball training on motor and psychological performance and behavioral characteristics of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
Methods: To experiment, the sample group was randomly assigned into two experimental and control groups. Fitness and motor test measures, behavioral measures, and neuropsychological tests are performed as a pre-test for both experimental and control groups. Then, the experimental group received baseball training for one month in 12 sessions with an average of 30 minutes, and the control group received no training. After the end of the course, the tests were re-administered on both experimental and control groups. The results of the study show that the mean of the two groups in pre-test is not significantly different; however, in the post-test, a big difference was found between the two experimental and control groups.
Results: Comparing the groups in post-test by subtracting the effect of the pre-test showed a significant difference between the groups (P>0.001), which indicated the effectiveness of exercises and sports activities in reducing behavioral disorders of the experimental group (P>0.001).
Conclusion: The results of this study suggested that the baseball game has a positive impact on all the investigated components. According to the results of the study, to design treatment programs for hyperactive/inattentive children, the use of baseball games in schools and educational centers can be considered. Accordingly, it is suggested that administrators, parents, and trainers in educational centers and educational environments provide sports, such as baseball games so that hyperactive children can benefit the most to strengthen and improve their behavior.
Coresponding author: Mojtaba Dehestani Ardekani, E-mail: m.dehestani@ardakan.ac.ir
You can also search for this author in: Google scholar
In accordance with the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) Retraction Guidelines, the PDF and HTML versions of this article have been updated to prominently display the notice:
"This article has been retracted due to plagiarism."
This notice is clearly visible to all readers accessing the article, ensuring transparency and maintaining the integrity of the scholarly record.
Objective: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common behavioral disorders in children. This study aims to investigate the effect of baseball training on motor and psychological performance and behavioral characteristics of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
Methods: To experiment, the sample group was randomly assigned into two experimental and control groups. Fitness and motor test measures, behavioral measures, and neuropsychological tests are performed as a pre-test for both experimental and control groups. Then, the experimental group received baseball training for one month in 12 sessions with an average of 30 minutes, and the control group received no training. After the end of the course, the tests were re-administered on both experimental and control groups. The results of the study show that the mean of the two groups in pre-test is not significantly different; however, in the post-test, a big difference was found between the two experimental and control groups.
Results: Comparing the groups in post-test by subtracting the effect of the pre-test showed a significant difference between the groups (P>0.001), which indicated the effectiveness of exercises and sports activities in reducing behavioral disorders of the experimental group (P>0.001).
Conclusion: The results of this study suggested that the baseball game has a positive impact on all the investigated components. According to the results of the study, to design treatment programs for hyperactive/inattentive children, the use of baseball games in schools and educational centers can be considered. Accordingly, it is suggested that administrators, parents, and trainers in educational centers and educational environments provide sports, such as baseball games so that hyperactive children can benefit the most to strengthen and improve their behavior.
Coresponding author: Mojtaba Dehestani Ardekani, E-mail: m.dehestani@ardakan.ac.ir
You can also search for this author in: Google scholar
Keywords: Physical activity, Exercise, Paintball, Motor performance, Social skills, Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
Type of Study: Original Research Article |
Subject:
Psychiatry
Received: 2023/04/23 | Accepted: 2023/08/13 | Published: 2023/10/28
Received: 2023/04/23 | Accepted: 2023/08/13 | Published: 2023/10/28
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