• Effectiveness of exercises and sports activities in reducing behavioral disorders
• Baseball game had a positive impact on all the components investigated
• Design treatment programs for hyperactive/inattentive children, in schools and educational centers.

In this study, the role of parents and families in playing paintball games in open areas on increasing the motor and behavioral performance of children with hyperactivity disorder can be observed. Results of this study demonstrated that paintball training has a positive influence on the behavior and neuropsychological characteristics of children with hyperactivity disorder. Also, individuals involved in sports groups acquire psychological, social, behavioral and communication skills and prepare to appear in personal and social relationships, and in their part, make a constructive response to the behavior of others and reduce abnormal behaviors. In addition, when hyperactive children feel that their existence is valued and they are positively and unconditionally noticed, regardless of their weaknesses, they refrain from engaging in destructive and incompatible behaviors.

• Beliefs about emotion can affect emotion regulation strategies.
• Emotion regulation self-efficacy is related to emotion regulation strategies.
• Emotional regulation strategies mediate the relationship between emotional beliefs and social anxiety disorder (SAD).
• A new five-factor structure emerged for the cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire (CERQ)-18.

Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is the third most common mental disorder. Maladaptive beliefs play a critical role in SAD. People who believe they cannot change or manage their emotions choose more maladaptive emotion regulation strategies and numerous studies have confirmed the role of maladaptive emotional regulation strategies in the onset and maintenance of anxiety. Therefore, emotional beliefs can be a risk factor for SAD.

• People with higher social isolation use social media more.
• Negative mood is associated with social isolation, which is probably because people with negative moods have fewer social skills.
• Continuous use of social media can increase body image concerns because it makes people more exposed to ideal and unrealistic images.
• Negative moods can make people sensitive to their body image.

This study aims to investigate the relationship of social media with the variables of social isolation, mood, and physical image to make us more aware of its effects. The study showed that people with higher social isolation prefer to use social media instead of face-to-face interaction; therefore they use social media more than others. The results also suggested that people with negative moods try to be isolated more than others because they are likely to have lower social skills. Ultimately, people’s anxiety about their body and appearance (concern about body image) reduces the tendency to communicate with others and increases the use of social media. These results lead to the fact that the use of social media is not considered a solution or cover anxiety or lack of skills and awareness of the effects of continuing the issues.

• Religious faith, happiness, and ambivalent attachment style predict mental health.
• Religious faith and ambivalent attachment style are related to mental health.
• The happiness variable is related to mental health and religious faith.
• Religious faith has a greater effect on mental health through the happiness variable.

This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between religious faith, happiness, attachment style, locus of control, and mental health. The results showed that religious faith affects a person’s mental health due to its effect on happiness. Faith and spirituality increase mental health by creating a sense that life is purposeful and meaningful. Also, the feeling of happiness strengthens mental health and a sense of well-being by reducing unpleasant feelings, such as stress. In addition, the ambivalent attachment style, which means having a feeling of confusion in the type of communication with others (tendency to be close to and distant from others at the same time), has a negative effect on mental health, and the person uses ineffective and unrealistic strategies to process their thoughts and feelings and evaluations. These results help people move toward improving their level of mental health by distinguishing the factors affecting mental health.

• Social support for MS patients can be one of the effective suggestions to reduce depression and anxiety.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system with manifestation such as depression, anxiety and stress in them. Social support plays a role in the well-being of patients with MS. Therefore this study was conducted on 240 MS patients referred to Isfahan MS Center. Three questionnaires, including depression anxiety stress scale 21 (DASS-21) was used. A social and demographic support questionnaire was used to collect data. Data showed that there was an inverse correlation between social support and depression and anxiety. Also, there was no significant relationship between social support and stress. Based on these findings, it seems that support for MS patients can be one of the effective suggestions for reducing depression and anxiety.

• The results indicated that both emotion-focused therapy (EFT) and trans-diagnostic treatment effectively reduced the fear of positive evaluation.
• Unified trans-diagnostic treatment had no significant impact on reducing the fear of negative evaluation in this group. 

According to the results, incorporating meta-diagnostic therapy was not successful in diminishing individuals’ anxiety toward negative evaluations. It may be inferred that the core element of this disorder is possibly the fear of unfavorable judgment, rooted in an underlying sense of shame. One way to enhance the efficacy of meta-diagnostic therapy is to prioritize and tackle the fear of negative evaluation, which is a key element.

• Other-people inner speech can predict anxiety, depression, and somatization disorders
• Evaluative (critical) inner speech can predict distress symptoms
• Positive (regulative) inner speech can negatively predict anxiety, depression, and distress

Research shows that how people talk to themselves affects how they feel. Inner speech is a cognitive strategy that can influence thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. There are four types of inner speech: Dialogic, evaluative (critical), other-people, condensed, and positive (regulatory). The present study was conducted to investigate the role of inner speech styles in predicting symptoms of anxiety, depression, somatization, and distress in the general population of Iran. Based on the results, in people with symptoms of anxiety, depression, and somatization disorders, the other-people inner speech was the stronger predictor compared to other types of inner speech. On the other hand, in subjects with distress symptoms, evaluative (critical) inner speech was the strongest predictor.

• We compared object relations, personality organization, personal meaning of life, and relational meaning in life among Islamic Azad University, Lahijans Branch's students of psychology and other fields.
• Psychology students exhibit higher levels of personality organization, personal meaning in life, and relational meaning in life compared to other students.
• There were no significant differences in object relations and some personality organization variables (such as primary defenses and identity confusion) between psychology students and other students.

This study compared object relations and personality organization, two basic personality factors formed by the relations with Primary Caregivers, and meaning of life between Lahijan Branch of Islamic Azad University psychology students and students of other majors. Results showed no significant difference in object relations but psychology students had better personality organization and meaning in life. Since problems in object relations and personality organization in psychotherapists, could led to many harms and problems for patients, we recommends focusing on object relations and personality organization of lahijan branch of Islamic Azad University psychology students to improve psychotherapy services and prevent harm to patients.