Showing 19 results for Rezaei
Ebrahim Rezaei Dogaheh, Firozeh Jafari, Atousa Sadeghpour, Mohammad Ebrahim Maddahi, Shahab Mirzaei, Abbas Ali Hosseinkhanzadeh, Ali Reza Mohammadi Arya,
Volume 1, Issue 2 (Spring 2013 -- 2013)
Abstract
Objective: The aim of the present research was to evaluate the psychological well-being and quality of sleep in addicts under methadone treatment for at least 6 months.
Methods: A total of 40 individuals were selected through purposeful sampling method among the referring addicts to 2 addiction centers in eastern Tehran. Participants took the Ryff scale of psychological well-being (RSPWB) and Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI).
Results: Results of multivariate and univariate variance analysis demonstrated that addicts with more than 6 months of abstinence have significant difference in psychological well-being and quality of life (P&le0.01) compare to addicts with less than 6 months abstinence period.
There was also a significant relationship between sleep and its dimensions (P&le0.01).
Conclusion: Addicts with abstinence period of more than 6 months have higher psychological well-being and better sleep quality than addicts with abstinence period of less than 6 months.
Ebrahim Rezaei Dogaheh,
Volume 1, Issue 4 (Autumn 2013-- 2013)
Abstract
Objective: Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is defined as a constant fear of being embarrassed or negatively evaluated in social situations or while doing activities in the presence of others. Several studies have examined the role of certain variables that might predict response to treatment and may affect treatment outcome. The purpose of this study was to identify predictive variables of change and improvement.
Methods: The English version of the SPIN (Connor et al., 2000) was translated into Farsi and used in this study. In addition to SPIN, the measures including Clinical Interviews with the DSM-IV (Spitzer, Williams and Gibbons, 1994) and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) (Lovibond et al., 1995), the Credibility/Expectancy scale (Davilly & Borkovec, 2000) and Homework Compliance scale (Primakoff, Epstein, & Covi, 1986) were administered to a sample of 59 participants with SAD ranging from 18 to 40 years of age.
Results: Among the variables studied with the neural network model, logical sense in the Credibility/Expectancy scale (CEQ), depression in DASS, fear and avoidance in SPIN, and the compliance with homework (HCS) were significant in prediction of recovery rate.
Conclusion: The artificial neural network is capable in predicting SAD patients' respond to cognitive-behavioral therapy.
Isaac Rahimian Boogar, Ali Mohammad Rezaei , Azita Yosefi,
Volume 1, Issue 4 (Autumn 2013-- 2013)
Abstract
Objective: Obsessive-compulsive disorder at clinical levels has elevated symptoms that result in deteriorated psycho-social functions. This study was aimed to examine the effectiveness of cognitive analytic therapy on symptoms severity of obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Methods: This exploratory empirical study was a clinical trial that used quasi-experimental design to systemically investigate the differences in the obsessive-compulsive symptoms before and after one psychotherapeutic intervention. Twenty patients with obsessive compulsive disorder were chosen among patients who resided in Ravan-Sabz Center of Psychiatric Rehabilitation in Semnan City, Iran from 2012 to 2013. The patients were selected by inconvenience sampling and randomly assigned to experimental and control group. Participants initially completed the Socio-demographic Questionnaire and interviewed by the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR Axis I Disorders. Then, the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale was administered in baseline, post-treatment and followup. Treatment group merely received 16 sessions of group cognitive analytic therapy and eventually both groups were assessed in post-treatment and a three- month follow-up.
Results: Mixed analysis of variance with repeated measures showed that symptoms severity of obsessive compulsive disorder was significantly decreased at post-treatment and three-month follow-up in the treatment group as compared to the control group (F1,18=15.05, P<0.001). The interaction of intervention and factor of time resulted in decreased symptoms severity in posttreatment and follow-up (F2,36=22.53, P<0.001).
Conclusions: The group cognitive analytic therapy is an effective and long-standing therapy for symptoms management of obsessive compulsive disorder. Moreover, these results have some implications for clinical practice including the necessity for further randomized controlled trials in order to verify the findings
Ebrahim Rezaei Dogaheh, Mohamad Khaledian, Ali Reza Mohammadiarya,
Volume 1, Issue 4 (Autumn 2013-- 2013)
Abstract
Objective: Present research intends to investigate relationship of psychological hardiness with emotional intelligence and workaholism among high school teachers.
Methods: The study population includes all male and female high school teachers in Ghorveh city in the academic year 2012-2013. Using simple random sampling method, 100 male and female teachers were selected. To collect data, Kobasa Psychological Hardiness Questionnaire, Bar-on measure and Aghabeigi Workaholics Questionnaire were employed. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics regression analysis were used.
Results: The findings indicated that there was negative significant relationship between the psychological hardiness and workaholism. The psychological hardiness and emotional intelligence had significant positive relationship. In addition, there was a significant negative relationship between emotional intelligence and workaholism.
Conclusion: The psychological hardiness, workaholism and emotional intelligence are interrelated variables without any significant difference between males and females.
Zahra Babaei, Ebrahim Rezaei Dogaheh, Behrooz Dolatshahi, Abbas Pourshahbaz,
Volume 2, Issue 3 (Summer 2014-- 2014)
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the role of negative and positive affectivity, selffocused attention, and attentional control in social anxiety symptoms.
Methods: A sample of 382 students of Isfahan University was selected and the participants completed Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN), Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), Attentional Control Scale (ACS), and Focus of Attention Questionnaire (FAQ). Data were analyzed by Pearson correlatiosn and multiple regression analysis. Statistical analysis were performed using the SPSS 20.
Results: The results indicated that there were positive significant relationships between negative affectivity, self-focused attention and social anxiety symptoms. Also findings showed negative and significant relationships between positive affectivity, attentional control and social anxiety symptoms. In regression analysis, negative and positive affectivity, self-focused attention, and attentional control were predictors of social anxiety symptoms.
Conclusion: In this study, our findings suggested that negative and positive affectivity, self-focused attention, and attentional control have important role in the development and maintenance of social anxiety symptoms.
Ebrahim Rezaei Dogaheh, Afsaneh Yoosefi, Maryam Kami,
Volume 2, Issue 3 (Summer 2014-- 2014)
Abstract
Objective: Young’s schema theory provides a theoretical basis that relates coping styles to early maladaptive schemas. This research aimed to identify maladaptive coping strategies including avoidance and over compensation strategies associated with migraine and tension headaches.
Methods: The present research was of cross sectional and correlational study type. The measures included Headache Disability Inventory and Avoidance and Over Compensation Questionnaires. The population of the study comprised adult patients with migraine and tension headaches aged 18 to 55 years living in Tehran, Iran. The final study sample included 69 participants with migraine or tension headaches and 86 non-clinical samples of both genders. They were selected by convenient and purposeful sampling after referring by psychiatrists. The two groups were matched based on sex and education.
Results: Migraine and tension headache sufferers and non-clinical participants were significantly different in 9 avoidance strategies. There were also a negative correlation between headache and 2 overcompensation styles. In addition, a series of maladaptive coping (avoidance and overcompensation) strategies could significantly predict 84.1% and 70.4% of the total change in position of tension headaches and migraine group, respectively.
conclusion: It seems that maladaptive coping strategies are important factors influencing migraine and tension headaches. The implications of the findings for both theory and treatment concerning are discussed, along with suggestions for future research.
Banafsheh Hasanvand, Ali Reza Mohammadi Arya, Ebrahim Rezaei Dogaheh,
Volume 2, Issue 4 (Autumn 2014-- 2014)
Abstract
Objective: Psychological hardiness is a protective personality structure against life stresses that plays a major role in resisting stressful events. Thus, the present research aimed to predict the psychological hardiness based on mental health and emotional intelligence in students.
Methods: The method applied in the research was a descriptive-correlation type. A total of 348 students of Payame Noor University, Eleshtar branch, studying in the academic year of 2012/13 were selected through random sampling method. Data were collected through the psychological hardiness, mental health, and emotional intelligence questionnaires and were analyzed by the simple correlation coefficient and multiple regressions.
Results: Findings revealed that there was a positive and significant relationship between mental health and emotional intelligence and its components (self-motivation, self-consciousness, self-control, social awareness, and social skills) with psychological hardiness. Also, step by step regression results indicated that self-motivation (&beta =0.386), self-control (&beta=0.229), social skills (&beta=0.239), and social consciousness (&beta=0.210) are highly capable of predicting psychological hardiness scores.
Conclusion: By promoting psychological hardiness through increasing mental health and emotional intelligence, we can overcome stressful and anxious factors, as well as factors resulting in most psychological problems.
Farima Anbari, Parvaneh Mohammadkhani, Ebrahim Rezaei Dogaheh,
Volume 2, Issue 4 (Autumn 2014-- 2014)
Abstract
Objective: The present study aims to investigate thought control strategies in Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), and the relationship of these metacognitive strategies with trait anxiety, as a construct of emotional vulnerability.
Methods: 60 patients with diagnosis of GAD and MDD and 30 control subjects (nonpatients) were selected from the university students. Participants answered to Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory–II (BDI-II), Thought Control Questionnaire (TCQ), State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28). The data was analyzed by Manova and Enter regression.
Results: The results showed that GAD group was distinguished from the control group by their greater use of worry and punishment strategies. The depression group was differentiated from nonpatient group by the greater use of worry strategy and lesser use of distraction and reappraisal strategies. The GAD group was distinguished from MDD group by greater use of reappraisal strategy and lesser use of worry strategy. Worry and punishment strategies can positively predict (P<0.001 and P=0.001) trait anxiety while distraction and reappraisal negatively predict (P<0.001 and P=0.047) it.
Conclusion: GAD and MDD patients use maladaptive thought control strategies more frequently and these maladaptive metacognitive strategies can be predictors of trait anxiety as an underlying pathology.
Samira Lotfi, Behrooz Dolatshahi, Parvaneh Mohammadkhani, Marilyn Campbell, Ebrahim Rezaei Dogaheh,
Volume 2, Issue 4 (Autumn 2014-- 2014)
Abstract
Objective: Bullying and peer victimization in school are serious concerns for students, parents, psychologists, and school officials around the world. This descriptive study examined bullying/victimization among Iranian students and the relationship between bullying and trauma symptoms.
Methods: This study was a cross-sectional research and descriptive correlative study. Descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation were used to analyze the data. The Revised Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire and Trauma Symptoms Checklist for Children (TSCC-A) were administered to 591(325males and 266 females) students aged 10 to 14 year.
Results: The results revealed that 38.4 % of students reported bullying behavior. In addition, victims had the highest level of depression, anxiety, and anger compared to uninvolved students. Bullies were not related to trauma symptoms.
Conclusion: Conclusions include detailed recommendations for further empirical studies.
Seyyed Vali-Allah Mousavi, Negar Sheakhli, Sajjad Rezaei,
Volume 3, Issue 4 (Autumn 2015-- 2015)
Abstract
Objective: Suicide is a major public health problem with little information about the role of personality characteristics of people who chemically commit suicide. The present study aimed to investigate the role of personality traits in the chemical suicide attempters.
Methods: In a case-control study, 100 patients with attempted suicide selected by convenience sampling were compared to 100 normal subjects as a control group selected by consecutive sampling in terms of personality traits using short form 5-factor questionnaire of NEO.
Results: Suicide attempters got significantly higher scores in neuroticism and also lower scores in extroversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness (P<0.01) compared to normal individuals. Interaction effects of group membership by sex revealed that male suicide attempters had always higher neuroticism levels and lower extraversion and openness (P<0.05)
compared to the other sex group.
Conclusion: The findings accurately identified the basic personality dimensions influencing the antisocial phenomenon and provided approaches for prevention and treatment of suicide attempters.
Fatemeh Rezaei, Nasrin Alsadat Hosseini Ramaghani,
Volume 6, Issue 2 (Spring 2018- 2018)
Abstract
Objective: The current study seeks to investigate the mechanisms through which mindfulness is related to social anxiety symptoms in a clinical sample of adults by examining whether experiential avoidance and specific cognitive emotion regulation strategies (rumination, catastrophizing, and reappraisal) mediate associations between mindfulness and social anxiety symptoms.
Methods: Statistical population of this study contained all the students with social anxiety disorder in Lorestan University in the academic year 2016-2017. With purposive sampling method, 104 students with social anxiety disorder were selected. Subjects were assessed by Social Phobia Inventory, Beck depression inventory II, Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, Social Anxiety Acceptance and Action Questionnaire, and Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS and AMOS 22 software using structural equation modeling, and the model fits the clinical sample well.
Results: In the model, the index demonstrated good fit (X2 24=36.13, P=0.053, GFI=0.92, AGFI=0.86, CFI=0.97, NFI=0.92, TLI=0.96, RMSEA=0.07, CMIN/df=1.50), so that mindfulness facets were directly associated with Sognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies (SERD) and experiential avoidance. It was also found that cognitive emotion regulation strategies and experiential avoidance were associated with social anxiety symptoms. Finally, the results indicated that mindfulness had indirect effects on the social anxiety symptoms that were mediated by cognitive emotion regulation strategies and experiential avoidance.
Conclusion: Our findings raise important implications for clinical health psychologists when tailoring mindfulness-based treatments for SAD patients.
Hanieh Hojabrian, Ali Mohammad Rezaei, Imanollah Bigdeli, Mohammad Najafi, Mohammad Ali Mohammadifar,
Volume 6, Issue 2 (Spring 2018- 2018)
Abstract
Objective: The increasing importance of the movement of positive psychology has led scientific research to explore and measure the optimal human performance or flourishing. Many researchers believe that the components of flourishing are different in sociocultural contexts, and culture is the primary factor affecting the optimal human performance. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to develop an instrument to measure human flourishing and to evaluate its psychometric properties in the sociocultural context of Iran.
Methods: In this study, we employed a cross-sectional research methodology. For this purpose, 412 teachers from senior high schools of Tehran were selected by the method of multistage cluster sampling and were requested to respond to the researcher-constructed human flourishing scale, Soleimani et al.’s Flourishing Scale, Diener’s Flourishing Scale, PERMA-Profiler, Ahvaz Self-Actualization Questionnaire, and Beck’s Depression Inventory. Data were analyzed using factor analysis, Cronbach’s alpha, and Pearson correlation.
Results: Factor analysis was conducted via principal component analysis and varimax rotation. Three factors, namely, individual achievement/competency, social contribution, and sense of satisfaction/happiness were extracted. These three factors together explained 62.99% of the total variance. Thereafter, confirmatory factor analysis also confirmed the fitness of the three-factor model (CFI=0.96, GFI=0.95, AGFI=0.92, RMSEA=0.066, SRMR=0.047, χ2=141.16, df=51, and χ2/df=2.77). In addition, Pearson correlation analysis indicated that the researcher-constructed flourishing scale is significantly correlated with Soleimani et al.’s Flourishing Scale, Diener Flourishing Scale, PERMA-Profiler, Ahvaz Self-Actualization Questionnaire, and Beck’s Depression Inventory. Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficients for the subscales of researcher-constructed flourishing scale, namely, sense of satisfaction/happiness, individual achievement/competency, and social contribution were respectively found to be 0.87, 0.83, 0.77, and 0.79.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the flourishing scale has acceptable psychometric features in teachers’ community, and it can be used as a valid instrument in psychological research.
Fereshteh Mirzadeh Koohshahi, Alimohamad Rezaei, Mahmoud Najafi,
Volume 7, Issue 1 (Winter 2019)
Abstract
Objective: Divorce is one of the social problems and underlying factors of many psychological problems, thereby demanding necessary research to prevent its occurrence. This study aimed to construct and validate Emotional Divorce Scale in Iranian couples.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional research. A total number of 400 married individuals living in east part of Tehran City, Iran between May and June 2016 were selected by random cluster sampling method and responded to the research instruments (researcher-made Emotional Divorce Scale, Dr. Phil Relationship Health Profile Test, and Enrich Marital Satisfaction Scale). Data analyses were performed by factor analysis, Pearson correlation coefficient, and Cronbach alpha coefficient in SPSS V. 22 and LISREL V. 8.80.
Results: The results of factor analysis showed that Emotional Divorce Scale comprised three factors. The three-factor structure of the scale was confirmed by goodness-of-fit indices.The results of Pearson correlation indicated that the total score of Emotional Divorce Scale was significantly correlated with relationship health profile test (0.69) and Enrich Marital Satisfaction Scale (-0.42) at significance level of 0.01. The internal consistency of the total scale was 0.97 and the internal consistency of the three factors, namely compulsory living, absence of romantic behavior towards spouse, and emotional vacuum were 0.97, 0.73, and 0.93, respectively.
Conclusion: Finally, the Emotional Divorce Scale enjoys acceptable psychometric properties regarding the ease of administration, scoring, and interpretation, as well as suitable validity and reliability of the questionnaire. Thus, researchers can safely use it in their studies.
Alia Saberi, Sajjad Rezaei, Fatemeh Shabani, Samaneh Ghorbani Shirkouhi,
Volume 7, Issue 3 (Summer 2019)
Abstract
Objective: Headache is one of the common complaints of referral patients. The prevalence of symptoms of depression and anxiety in patients with headache is significant. The previous researches suggested the role of self-efficacy of pain in modifying psychological symptoms and improving clinical outcomes. The current study aimed at investigating the role of self-efficacy beliefs of pain in psychiatric symptoms and clinical outcomes of patients with chronic headache.
Methods: The current descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 106 patients with chronic primary headache referred to neurology clinics of Guilan University of Medical Sciences from September 2016 to March 2017. Patients responded to questions of pain self-efficacy beliefs scales, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Data were analyzed by multivariate hierarchical regression.
Results: The results of Pearson correlation coefficient showed a reverse and significant relationship between pain self-efficacy beliefs and pain severity (r=-0.25, P=0.009). In the regression analysis, after controlling demographic variables, self-efficacy beliefs were able to predict the pain severity scale (F=4.570, P=0.035) and anxiety (F=4.414, P=0.038). There was also a significant non-linear quadratic correlation between the severity of pain with headache frequency (F=3.377, P=0.038).
Conclusion: Self-efficacy beliefs are more correlated with the reduction of the severity of pain in chronic headache and can predict it. It seems that these types of beliefs can play a protective role against anxiety and headache frequency in patients with chronic headache.
Mohammadreza Tamannaeifar, Hossein Rezaei,
Volume 8, Issue 1 (Winter 2020)
Abstract
Objective: The present study investigated the relationship between personality traits and psychological capital and academic adjustment.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional research study. The study population comprised all male and female students at the University of Kashan in February-March 2018. A total of 360 (190 females and 170 males) students were selected by cluster sampling method. The Adjustment Inventory for College Students (AICS), HEXACO Personality Inventory, and Luthans Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ) were used to collect data. To analyze the obtained data, a regression analysis was run by SPSS.
Results: The analysis suggested a significant relationship between academic adjustment and honesty-humility (r=-0.19, P<0.01), emotionality (r=0.14, P<0.01), extraversion (r=-0.14, P<0.01), and conscientiousness (r=-0.32, P<0.01). Besides, a significant correlation was observed between academic adjustment and psychological capital (r=-0.17, P<0.01). The regression analysis results revealed that conscientiousness, emotionality, and honesty-humility predicted 13% of the variance in academic adjustment. Moreover, regression analysis results indicated that hopefulness predicted 3% of the variance in academic adjustment.
Conclusion: The study results indicated a relationship between personality traits and psychological capital and academic adjustment. Furthermore, educational-counseling interventions oriented on personality and psychological capital could help promote student’s academic adjustment.
Maryam Ghahremani Ochghaz, Parvaneh Mohammadkhani, Mohammad Hatami, Ramin Mohammadrezaei,
Volume 8, Issue 1 (Winter 2020)
Abstract
Objective: This research investigated the psychometric properties of the Self-criticism Scale (SCS) and Self-reassurance Scale (SRS) among the students in Tehran universities.
Methods: First, the original versions of SCS and SRS were translated into Persian and back-translated into English. Then, the scales were reviewed and revised by Psychology professors and experts. Finally, the 22-item scale was presented to 300 students from Tehran universities.
Results: Using Explanatory Factor Analysis (EFA), three items were removed, and the 3-factor structure of the questionnaire was supported. The reliability of each factor was also calculated using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and was at an acceptable level. Generally, stability and reliability coefficients for SCR and SRS were satisfactory (P<0.05).
Conclusion: SRS and SCS, form a homogenous set with the appropriate factorial structure qualified for psychological investigations and clinical application in Iranian society.
Sajjad Rezaei, Azra Zebardast,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (Spring 2021)
Abstract
Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation strategies on the relationship between mindfulness, anxiety, and procrastination in high school students.
Methods: The study sample consisted of 350 high school female students in Rasht City, Iran. The study subjects responded to the Academic Procrastination Scale (APS), the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ), the Cattell Anxiety Scale (CAS), and the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ). Data analysis was performed by Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling technique in SPSS and AMOS. Bootstrap in Preacher and Hayes’ Macro program (2008) was also used to test the indirect relationships between the study variables.
Results: There was a direct and significant relationship between academic procrastination, anxiety, and maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies (P<0.0001). There was an inverse and significant relationship between procrastination, adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies, and mindfulness (P<0.0001). Mediation analysis data revealed that the maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies exacerbated the effects of anxiety on academic procrastination; the indirect effect of anxiety on procrastination through adaptive strategies was significant.
Conclusion: Procrastination in students could be reduced by minimizing anxiety, correcting maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies, and strengthening adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies. Anxiety may aggravate academic procrastination by generating maladaptive mechanisms.
Fatemeh Zakeri, Malihe Rezaei,
Volume 10, Issue 4 (Autumn 2022)
Abstract
Objective: This study aims to investigate the relationship between alexithymia and dysfunctional reactions with marital intimacy among married men and women in Mashhad City, Iran.
Methods: The data collection tools in this study included the Persian version of the Toronto alexithymia scale-20, the dysfunctional attitude scale (Weissman and Beck), and the intimacy scale (Walker and Thompson). The statistical population included all married men and women who lived in Mashhad City in the second half of 2019. The sample of this study consisted of 171 married individuals (100 women and 71 men) who were selected via the convenience sampling method.
Results: he results indicated a negative and significant relationship between marital intimacy and alexithymia (P<0.05, β=-25.258) and dysfunctional reactions (P<0.01, β=-0.0318). Alexithymia accounted for about 6% and dysfunctional reactions for about 10% of the dispersion of marital intimacy. Also, a positive and significant correlation existed between alexithymia and dysfunctional reactions (P<0.01, r=0.553) among married couples. In addition, alexithymia and dysfunctional reactions could be a predictor of marital intimacy.
Conclusion: Paying attention to variables, such as alexithymia and dysfunctional reactions can ensure marital intimacy. The results of this study have implications for improving marital intimacy and its positive outcomes in families.
Mr. Hadi Gholamrezaei, Dr Mohammad Reza Falsafinejad, Dr Anahita Khodabakhshi-Koolaee,
Volume 12, Issue 3 (Summer 2024)
Abstract
Objective: With the expanded use of the Internet, online child sexual abuse has been facilitated through the growing number of malicious websites that allow criminals to interact with children. Online child sexual abuse involves acquiring, displaying, collecting, and distributing sexual content to obtain sexual satisfaction from a child. Online child sexual abuse threatens the public mental health of society through its adverse effects on the mental health of children and families. To this end, the present study aims to review the studies on online sexual abuse to provide a comprehensive picture of this phenomenon.
Methods: This study was conducted with a qualitative and systematic review method. The research population was 113 articles published in scientific databases in the last decade about online sexual abuse and its dimensions. The research sample consisted of 22 articles, which were selected based on thematic monitoring and theoretical saturation of data via purposive sampling. The data were collected from a qualitative analysis of the studied documents and records.
Results: Data analysis revealed that indicators of online child sexual abuse are divided into 4 dimensions, 9 categories, and 56 subcategories, including knowledge components (low cyber knowledge, unawareness of the boundaries of online activities, low media literacy), psychological components (intrapersonal, interpersonal, personality, and interactive factors), approach-based components (cyberbullying, intimacy, and sexual-emotional abuse), and environmental components (cyberspace features and distribution platforms).
Conclusion: Paying attention to the virtual environment for learners leads to the reduction of the existing injuries in this environment. Identifying the indicators and components of online sexual abuse of children allows educational leaders and those involved in virtual space to examine online sexual abuse from various dimensions.
