Showing 5 results for Bakhtiari
Hesam Shahmoradi, Abbas Masjedi-Arani, Maryam Bakhtiari, Imaneh Abasi,
Volume 9, Issue 4 (Autumn 2021)
Abstract
Objective: Self-harming behavior is a major clinical issue in adolescenc. Childhood trauma, emotion dysregulation, and Self-criticism are the main concerns associated with self-harming behavior. In this study, we investigated the relationship between childhood trauma, emotion dysregulation, and Self-criticism with self-harming behaviors among adolescents in Iran.
Methods: A sample of 558 (263 girls and 295 boys) middle school-aged adolescents (aged 13–17) was recruited. Participants had at least one self-harming behavior in their clinical records. Self-harm Inventory (SHI), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), and Levels of Self-criticism questionnaire (LOSC) were completed online.
Results: Findings of step by step regression revealed a significant relationship between childhood trauma, emotion dysregulation, and Self-criticism with self-harming behaviors. More specifically, childhood trauma (β=0.253, t=6.42), emotion dysregulation (β=0.135, t=2.77), and Self-criticism (β=0.345, t=8.67) predicted self-harming behaviors.
Conclusion: Our findings provided a therapeutic insight to prevent suicide and other related destructive behaviors among adolescents.
Parastoo Naeimijoo, Abbas Masjedi Arani, Maryam Bakhtiari, Gholamreza Mohammadi Farsani, Ahmad Yousefi,
Volume 9, Issue 4 (Autumn 2021)
Abstract
Objective: The unprecedented nature of the COVID-19 pandemic and cessation of full face-to-face affiliation along with homebound restrictions have caused a variety of psychological distress among adolescents. Adolescents vary in the way they perceive such stressors and some respond with eating disturbances, which could reflect their dysfunctional emotion regulation strategies. The present research aimed at elucidating potential mediating pathways from perceived stress and psychological distress to emotional eating.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was composed of 292 adolescents who were assessed using the Perceived Stress Scale, COVID-19-Related Psychological Stress Scale, Emotional Eating subscale of the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire, and Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale. Correlation analyses were performed to assess the relationship between variables. ANOVA was conducted to detect differences between males and females for emotional eating. Then, a mediation analysis was conducted to assess whether emotional dysregulation was a mediator between psychological distress and emotional eating.
Results: Results of path analyses indicated that a model with perceived stress and psychological distress predicting emotion eating through the mediation of emotion dysregulation was the best fit for the data (CFI=0.970, GFI=0.949, df=26, χ2=53.69, χ2/df=2.06, P>0.05, and RMSEA=0.069). Mediation analyses showed the mediating role of emotion dysregulation in the link between perceived stress and emotional eating (Sobel’s z=2.83, P<0.05) while, it could not function as a mediator between psychological distress and emotional eating (Sobel’s z=0.90, P>0.05).
Conclusion: This study contributes to our understanding of the role of emotion regulation in the relationship between perceived stress and psychological distress and emotional eating in adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. The implication of this study is for therapeutic intervention to target emotional dysregulation of adolescents confronted with COVID-19 stressors.
Mrs Asie Eftekari, Dr Maryam Bakhtiari,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (Winter 2022)
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of schema therapy with acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) using exposure techniques on cognitive avoidance in female patients with generalized anxiety disorder.
Methods: A total of 10 women with generalized anxiety disorder were selected through purposeful sampling with Structured Clinical Interview for DSM Disorders (SCID-5). To determine the absence of personality disorder, Millon’s clinical multiaxial inventory (MCMI-III) (Millon and Groosman, 2005) was used. Schema therapy was conducted for 20 weekly sessions and ACT with exposure techniques for 12 weeks and follow-up for 6 weeks. The cognitive avoidance questionnaire (CAQ) (Sexton and Douglas, 2004) was used as a pretest and posttest to follow up on the results. Analysis of variance with repeated measures was used to test the research hypotheses.
Results: The results showed that schema therapy is more effective than ACT in the subscales of thought suppression (F=12.80, P=0.037) and avoidance of threatening (F=25.61, P=0.015), but they have no significant statistical difference in other subscales and total score. Both treatments significantly reduced the total score of cognitive avoidance, but they lacked a statistically significant difference.
Conclusion: Schema therapy and ACT with exposure techniques are effective in reducing the severity of symptoms and improving cognitive avoidance in females with generalized anxiety disorder.
Hamed Ghiasi, Zahra Alipour, Fatemeh Askarirostami, Maryam Bakhtiari, Sharareh Ahmadi,
Volume 10, Issue 4 (Autumn 2022)
Abstract
Objective: Pregnancy is one of the most fundamental and challenging periods in a woman’s life. It is associated with significant physical and psychological changes in pregnant women. These changes, combined with COVID-19 disease, can make life much more challenging. This study aimed to evaluate the lived experience of pregnant women with COVID-19 disease.
Methods: This research is a phenomenological qualitative study. We used the content analysis method to identify the mental experiences of pregnant women with COVID-19. In the present study, in-depth interviews were conducted with pregnant women affected with COVID-19. The semantic units were identified after careful analysis and coded under the headings of concepts, subcategories, main categories, and core categories.
Results: In the current study, the generalized fear of harm to the fetus was the most important issue these women had experienced. Another stressor was the fear of childbirth in a contaminated hospital setting. COVID-19 quarantine, reduced ability to care for themselves and family members and loneliness caused them to lose motivation. Restlessness, guilt, rejection, suffering, and efforts to get rid of discomfort were also the main characteristics of this period.
Conclusion: Getting coronavirus is an unexpected event for pregnant women that puts a lot of stress and pressure on them and can make them psychologically suffer.
Fateme Chitgari, Amir Sam Kianimoghadam, Farnaz Doostdari, Zahra Tavalaee Nezhad, Maryam Bakhtiari,
Volume 11, Issue 1 (Winter 2023)
Abstract
Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic has created many problems. This paper aims to predict moral reasoning through spiritual health and personality via the mediating role of empathy in physicians and nurses.
Methods: The current research is a cross-sectional analysis conducted on 320 physicians and nurses working in hospitals’ COVID-19 wards. We used the available sampling method, and the research tools included the brief form of personality inventory for The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (Krueger et al. 2012), the spiritual well-being scale (Dehshiri 2009), the defining issue test-2 (Rest et al. 1986), and the interpersonal reactivity index (Davis 1983).
Results: The results of the current investigation indicated that spiritual well-being has a positive and significant effect on empathy (P<0.0001, β=0.236). Empathy has a positive and significant correlation with moral reasoning (P=0.032, β=0.117). And finally, the moral reasoning variable in the current model was calculated at 0.019.
Conclusion: The current study shows that empathy can predict moral reasoning. Meanwhile, understanding the feelings of others can be more useful in judgment and decision-making. In addition, spiritual health can play an important role in empathy.
