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Causal Relationships Between Emotional Intelligence and Suicidal Ideation in Adolescents: Evaluating the Mediating Role of Finding Meaning in Life and Perceived Social Support 2 2 Objective: The present study was conducted to explain the causal relationship between emotional intelligence (EI) and suicidal ideation (SI) in adolescents living in state welfare organizations (SWO) with the mediating role of finding meaning in life and perceived social support (PSS). Methods: The sample included 320 adolescents living in Tehran’s SWO, selected by multistage cluster sampling and participating in the research. The current research was descriptive and correlational (using structural equation modeling [SEM]). The data were collected using the EIscale, the meaning in life questionnaire (MLQ), and the multidimensional scale of perceived social support (MSPSS) and were analyzed using SPSS software, version 22 and Amos software, version 24.   Results: The results showed that the model fits the collected data (χ2/df=2.37, comparative fit index [CFI]=0.957, goodness fit index [GFI]=0.920, adjusted GFI [AGFI]=0.881, and root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA]=0.066). Direct path coefficient (PC) between EI (β=0.177, P>0.01), finding meaning in life (β=0.311, P>0.01), and PSS (β=0.427, P>0.01) with SI was negative and significant. The indirect PC between EI (β=-0.101, P=0.001) and finding meaning in life (β=0.111, P=0.001) with SI was negative and significant.  Conclusion: The structural model of the research was the same in terms of fit with the data of two groups of girls and boys. Adolescents living in SWO are more vulnerable to suicide due to their unique experiences. Finding meaning in life, higher EI and social connections can reduce SI in adolescents and act as protective factors. 1 18 2024/10/24 1403/8/3 2024/11/30 1403/9/10 Rezvaneh Namazi Yousefi Rezvaneh Namazi Yousefi Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Social Sciences, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Iran mrs.rezvanehnamazi@gmail.com Rahim Davari Rahim Davari Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Social Sciences, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen, Iran. Iran dr.davari-rahim@yahoo.com Marjan Jafari Roshan Marjan Jafari Roshan Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Social Sciences, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Iran marjan.jafariroshan@gmail.com Suicidal ideation (SI) Emotional intelligence (EI) Finding meaning in life Perceived social support ## ##

The Mediating Role of Spirituality and Personal Values Between Personality Dimensions and Death Anxiety in the Elderly 2 2 Objective: The present study aims to formulate a model of death anxiety (DA) in the elderly living in nursing homes based on personal values (PV) and spirituality and with the mediating role of gender.  Methods: The present research was conducted using correlational method and path analysis. The statistical population included all the elderly living in private nursing homes in Tehran City, Iran, in the summer and autumn of 2023, of which 340 people were selected by the convenience sampling method. During one session and individually, the participants responded to the Templer DA scale (DAS) (1970), Schwartz’s value survey, the spiritual questionnaire, and the HEXACO personality inventory-revised. Results: The results showed that the total path coefficient (PC) between PV (β=-0.211, P=0.001) and spirituality (β=-0.192, P=0.001) were significant with DA. Indirect PC of extraversion (P=0.001, β=-0.054), conscientiousness (β=-0.058, P=0.001), humility (P=0.049, β=-0.023) and emotionality (P=0.001, β=0.038) were significant with DA. The indirect PC between PV (P=0.001, β=0.037) and spirituality (P=0.001, β=0.060) with DA was negative and significant. Therefore, DA mediates the relationship between personality dimensions (PDs), PV, and spirituality. The research model was different in terms of fit with the data of two groups of women and men.  Conclusion: Multiple psychological mechanisms can predict DA in the elderly. 19 32 2024/10/242024/11/18 1403/8/28 2024/11/302025/01/1 1403/10/12 Mahjoubeh Zanganeh Gheshlaghi Mahjoubeh Zanganeh Gheshlaghi Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Social Sciences, Center Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Iran zanganehmahjoubeh@gmail.com Mahdieh Salehi Mahdieh Salehi Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Social Sciences, Center Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Iran mah.salehi@iauctb.ac.ir Marjan Jafari Roshan Marjan Jafari Roshan Department of Clinical Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Social Sciences, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Iran marjan.jafariroshan@gmail.com Death anxiety (DA) Personality dimensions (PDs) Personal values (PV) Spirituality Elderly Abdollahi, A., Panahipour, H., Allen, K. A., & Hosseinian, S. (2021). Effects of death anxiety on perceived stress in individuals with multiple sclerosis and the role of self-transcendence. Omega, 84(1), 91–102. [DOI:10.1177/0030222819880714] [PMID]##Yousefi Afrashteh, M., Majzoobi, M. R., Janjani, P., & Forstmeier, S. (2024). 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Comparing the Effectiveness of Combined Schema Therapy and Mindfulness With Schema Therapy and CBT on Psychological Flexibility 2 2 Objective: This study aims to compare the effectiveness of integrated schema therapy and mindfulness-based intervention with schema therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) on the psychological flexibility of women exhibiting obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Methods: The study used a quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test design with control and follow-up groups. The research was conducted on women with obsessive disorder who were referred to the Nedaye Agahi and Zehne Pouya Clinic in Tehran City, Iran, during the fall and winter of 2021. A total of 60 participants were selected using a convenience sampling method and were randomly assigned to three intervention groups: An integrated schema therapy and mindfulness-based intervention group, a schema therapy group, a CBT group and one control group. Data were collected using the psychological flexibility questionnaire and the Yale-Brown obsessive-compulsive scale. A repeated measures analysis of variance was conducted using SPSS software. Results: The results revealed significant differences among all three treatment groups compared to the control. In particular, the integrated interventions of schema therapy and mindfulness, as well as schema therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy, demonstrated a significant effect on psychological flexibility scores (P<0.05) compared to the control group. However, the two-way comparisons for other differences were not significant (P>0.05).  Conclusion: Given the emotional and cognitive challenges faced by patients with obsessive disorders, it is essential to prioritize these aspects in the treatment process. 33 46 2024/10/242024/11/182024/08/16 1403/5/26 2024/11/302025/01/12024/11/10 1403/8/20 Pouyan Ahanian Moghaddam Pouyan Ahanian Moghaddam Department of Counseling, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran. Iran pouyanamoghaddam@gmail.com Seyed Hamid Atashpour Seyed Hamid Atashpour Department of Counseling, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran. Iran hamidatashpour@gmail.com Mohsen Golparvar Mohsen Golparvar Department of Counseling, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran. Iran drmgolparvar@hotmail.com Psychological flexibility Schema therapy Mindfulness Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) Obsession Abramowitz, J. S., & Reuman, L. (2020). Obsessive-compulsive disorder. In V. Zeigler-Hill & T. K. Shackelford (Eds), Encyclopedia of personality and individual differences (pp. 3304-3306 ). Cham: Springer. [DOI:10.1007/978-3-319-24612-3_919]##Arslan, G. (2023). Dysfunctional parenting and emotional problems and substance misuse: Enhancing psychological flexibility in college students. Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse, 1-17. [DOI:10.1080/15332640.2023.2237930] [PMID]##Aslan, Ş., & Türk, F. (2022). [Comparison of concepts of cognitive flexibility and psychological flexibility (Turkish)]. Psikiyatride Guncel Yaklasimlar, 14(1), 119-130. [DOI:10.18863/pgy.917360]##Baniadam, L. , Makvand Hoseini, S. , & Sedaghat, M. (2017). [The efficacy of schema therapy on obsessive compulsive disorder and Marital Satisfaction on Married Women (Persian)]. Journal of Applied Psychological Research, 8(2), 131-143. [DOI:10.22059/japr.2017.68337]##Bhatt, S., Anitha, K., Chellappan, D. K., Mukherjee, D., Shilpi, S., & Suttee, A., et al. (2024). Targeting inflammatory signaling in obsessive-compulsive disorder: A promising approach. Metabolic Brain Disease, 39(2), 335-346.‌ [DOI:10.1007/s11011-023-01314-3] [PMID]##Bond, F. W., Hayes, S. C., Baer, R. A., Carpenter, K. M., Guenole, N., & Orcutt, H. K., et al. (2011). Preliminary psychometric properties of the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II: A revised measure of psychological inflexibility and experiential avoidance. Behavior Therapy, 42(4), 676-688. [DOI:10.1016/j.beth.2011.03.007] [PMID]##Caudek, C., Sica, C., Marchetti, I., Colpizzi, I., & Stendardi, D. (2020). Cognitive inflexibility specificity for individuals with high levels of obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Journal of Behavioral and Cognitive Therapy, 30(2), 103-113.‌ [DOI:10.1016/j.jbct.2020.03.010]##Cervin, M., McGuire, J. F., D'Souza, J. M., De Nadai, A. S., Aspvall, K., & Goodman, W. K., et al. (2024). Efficacy and acceptability of cognitive‐behavioral therapy and serotonin reuptake inhibitors for pediatric obsessive‐compulsive disorder: A network meta‐analysis. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 65(5), 594-609.‌ [DOI:10.1111/jcpp.13934] [PMID]##Chien, W. T., Tse, M. K., Chan, H. Y., Cheng, H. Y., & Chen, L. (2022). Is mindfulness-based intervention an effective treatment for people with obsessive-compulsive disorder? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders, 32, 100712.‌ [DOI:10.1016/j.jocrd.2022.100712]##Darby, K. P., Castro, L., Wasserman, E. A., & Sloutsky, V. M. (2018). Cognitive flexibility and memory in pigeons, human children, and adults. Cognition, 177, 30-40.‌ [DOI:10.1016/j.cognition.2018.03.015] [PMID] ##Den Ouden, L., Tiego, J., Lee, R. S. C., Albertella, L., Greenwood, L. M., & Fontenelle, L., et al. (2020). The role of experiential avoidance in transdiagnostic compulsive behavior: A structural model analysis. Addictive Behaviors, 108, 106464.‌ [DOI:10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106464] [PMID]##Deveci, N., Uğurlu, M., Karakaş Uğurlu, G., Kabadayi Şahin, E., Erdoğan, E. Ç., & Çayköylü, A. (2024). The effects of psychological flexibility and resilience on psychopharmacological treatment response in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. International Clinical Psychopharmacology, 39(3), 181-186.‌ [DOI:10.1097/YIC.0000000000000499] [PMID]##Epstein, N. B., & Dattilio, F. M. (2020). Behavioral and cognitive-behavioral approaches in systemic family therapy. In K. S. Wampler., R. B. Miller., R. B. Seedall (Eds.), The handbook of systemic family therapy (pp. 365-389). Hoboken: Wiley. [Link]##Fineberg, N. A., Day, G. A., de Koenigswarter, N., Reghunandanan, S., Kolli, S., & Jefferies-Sewell, K., et al. (2015). The neuropsychology of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder: A new analysis. CNS Spectrums, 20(5), 490-499.‌ [DOI:10.1017/S1092852914000662] [PMID]##Francazio, S. K., & Flessner, C. A. (2015). Cognitive flexibility differentiates young adults exhibiting obsessive-compulsive behaviors from controls. Psychiatry Research, 228(2), 185-190. [DOI:10.1016/j.psychres.2015.04.038] [PMID]##Ghazanfari, F., & Sepahvand, R. (2014). [The effectiveness of Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction (MBSR) Technique in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Symptoms (Persian)]. Journal of Clinical Psychology and Counseling Research, 4(2), 110-121. [DOI:10.22067/ijap.v4i2.19209]##Goodman, W. K., Price, L. H., Rasmussen, S. A., Mazure, C., Fleischmann, R. L., & Hill, C. L., et al. (1989). The yale-brown obsessive compulsive scale. I. development, use, and reliability. Archives of General Psychiatry, 46(11), 1006–1011. [DOI:10.1001/archpsyc.1989.01810110048007] [PMID]##Görmezoğlu, M., Bouwens van der Vlis, T., Schruers, K., Ackermans, L., Polosan, M., & Leentjens, A. F. G. (2020). 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T., Asgari, K., Abedi, M. R. (2014).[Comparison of the efficacy of acceptance and commitment therapy and cognitive-behavior therapy on symptoms of treatment of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (Persian)]. Journal of Research in Behavioural Sciences, 12(1), 19-33. [Link]##Khadem, S., Fakhri, M., & Emadian, S. O. (2023). The effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on rumination, perfectionism, and thought-action fusion in women with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Bi-monthly Journal of Adolescent and Young Adult Psychological Studies, 4(4), 1-13. [DOI:10.61838/kman.jayps.4.4.11]##Leeuwerik, T., Cavanagh, K., & Strauss, C. (2020). The association of trait mindfulness and self-compassion with obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms: results from a large survey with treatment-seeking adults. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 44(1), 120-135.‌ [DOI:10.1007/s10608-019-10049-4]##Luppino, O. I., Tenore, K., Mancini, F., & Basile, B. (2018). 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[Efficacy of cognitive– behavioral family therapy on marital conflicts and sexual satisfaction in couples referred to psychological centers (Persian)]. Clinical Psychology Achievements, 1(1), 125-148. [DOI:10.22055/jacp.2015.11510]##Peeters, N., van Passel, B., & Krans, J. (2022). The effectiveness of schema therapy for patients with anxiety disorders, OCD, or PTSD: A systematic review and research agenda. The British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 61(3), 579–597. [DOI:10.1111/bjc.12324] [PMID] ##Ponzini, G. T., & Steinman, S. A. (2022). A systematic review of public stigma attributes and obsessive-compulsive disorder symptom subtypes. Stigma and Health, 7(1), 14–26. [DOI:10.1037/sah0000310]##Raftar, A. M. R., Shareh, H., & Toozandehjani, H. (2020). [Effectiveness of mindfulness-based schema therapy in depression, anxiety and hopelessness of betrayed women: A randomized clinical trial (Persian)]. Journal of Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, 8(2), 140-155. [Link]##Reis, A., Westhoff, M., Quintarelli, H., & Hofmann, S. G. (2024). Mindfulness as a therapeutic option for obsessive-compulsive disorder. Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics, 24(8), 735–741. [DOI:10.1080/14737175.2024.2365945] [PMID]##Renner, F., DeRubeis, R., Arntz, A., Peeters, F., Lobbestael, J., & Huibers, M. J. H. (2018). Exploring mechanisms of change in schema therapy for chronic depression. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 58, 97-105. [DOI:10.1016/j.jbtep.2017.10.002] [PMID]##Rajeziesfahani, S., Fata, L., Hassanabadi, H., Yaghuobi, H., Zahiroddin, A., & Sadr, S., et al. (2016). [Meta-cognitive therapy in drug-resistant patients with obsessive - compulsive disorder: Case report (Persian)]. The Scientific Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, 5(2), 40-51. [DOI:10.22037/jrm.2016.1100168]##Rosa-Alcázar, A. I., Rosa-Alcázar, Á., Martínez-Esparza, I. C., Storch, E. A., & Olivares-Olivares, P. J. (2021). 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Effectiveness of group cognitive-behavioral therapy on the self-care behaviors. psychological wellbeing, and hope of patients with type II diabetes (persian)]. Journal of Clinical Nursing and Midwifery, 8(1), 265-275. [Link]##Shameli, A., Althoff, T., Saberi, A., & Leskovec, J. (2017). How gamification affects physical activity: Large-scale analysis of walking challenges in a mobile application. Proceedings of the  International World-Wide Web Conference. International WWW Conference, 2017, 455–463. [DOI:10.1145/3041021.3054172] [PMID] ##Soltani, E., Shareh, H., Bahrainian, S. A., & Farmani, A. (2013). [The mediating role of cognitive flexibility in correlation of coping styles and resilience with depression (Persian)]. Pajoohandeh Journal, 18(2), 88-96. [Link]##Sunde, T., Hummelen, B., Himle, J. A., Walseth, L. T., Vogel, P. A., & Launes, G., et al. (2019). 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The Effectiveness of Cognitive Rehabilitation on Behavioral Problems and Emotional Regulation Hearing Impairment’s Children 2 2 Objective: Research suggests that children with hearing impairments are more vulnerable to emotional and behavioral challenges. The current study aims to determine the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation (CR) therapy on behavioral problems and emotional self-regulation (ESR) in children with hearing impairment. Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group. A convenient sampling method was used to select 24 girls, ages 7 to 11 years (mean age=9.17±3.32 years) with hearing impairment. Subjects were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups, each consisting of 12 girls. The experimental group received ten CR therapy sessions. Data were collected using two measures: The Conners’ parent rating scale (CPRS) and the ESR questionnaire. Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was used to analyze the data. Results: The results revealed that the CR program significantly affects behavioral problems and ESR of children with hearing impairment (P<0.05). Conclusion: Children with hearing problems improved in behavioral problems and ESR following the CR program. Therefore, providing a CR program for these children is particularly important. 47 56 2024/10/242024/11/182024/08/162024/08/27 1403/6/6 2024/11/302025/01/12024/11/102024/11/11 1403/8/21 Farangis Demehri Farangis Demehri Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Science and Arts University, Yazd, Iran. Iran farangis_demehri@yahoo.com Reyhane Heydarloo Reyhane Heydarloo Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Science and Arts University, Yazd, Iran. Iran reyhan_heydarlou@yahoo.com Cognitive rehabilitation (CR) Behavioral problems Emotional self-regulation (ESR) Hearing impairment Adigun, O. T. (2017). Depression and individuals with hearing loss: A systematic review. Journal of Psychology & Psychotherapy, 7(5), 1-6. [DOI:10.4172/2161-0487.1000323]##Amani, O., Mazaheri, M. A., Nejati, V., & Shamsian, S. (2017). [Effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation in executive functions (attention and working memory) in adolescents survived from acute lymphoblastic leukemia with a history of chemotherapy: A randomized clinical trial (Persian)]. Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, 27(147), 126-138. [Link]  ##Bahar‐Fuchs, A., Clare, L., & Woods, B. (2013). Cognitive training and cognitive rehabilitation for mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2013(6), CD003260. [DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD003260.pub2] [PMID] ##Bansal, A. (2014). Evaluating the short-term effects of home-based computerized multi-domain cognitive training in adult cochlear implant users: A prospective randomized intervention study [MA thesis]. Oslo: University of Oslo. [DOI:10.13140/2.1.2365.1523]##Bennett, R. J., Saulsman, L., Eikelboom, R. H., & Olaithe, M. (2022). Coping with the social challenges and emotional distress associated with hearing loss: A qualitative investigation using Leventhal’s self-regulation theory. International Journal of Audiology, 61(5), 353-364. [DOI:10.1080/14992027.2021.1933620] [PMID]##Bigler, D., Burke, K., Laureano, N., Alfonso, K., Jacobs, J., & Bush, M. L. (2019). Assessment and treatment of behavioral disorders in children with hearing loss: A systematic review. Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 160(1), 36-48. [DOI:10.1177/0194599818797598] [PMID] ##Brennan, M., & Bally, S. J. (2007). Psychosocial adaptations to dual sensory loss in middle and late adulthood. Trends in Amplification, 11(4), 281-300. [DOI:10.1177/1084713807308210] [PMID] ##Castellanos, F. X., Sonuga-Barke, E. J., Milham, M. P., & Tannock, R. (2006). Characterizing cognition in ADHD: beyond executive dysfunction. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 10(3), 117-123. [DOI:10.1016/j.tics.2006.01.011] [PMID]##Conners, C. K., Sitarenios, G., Parker, J. D., & Epstein, J. N. (1998). The revised Conners’ Parent Rating Scale (CPRS-R): factor structure, reliability, and criterion validity. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 26(4), 257-268. [DOI:10.1023/A:1022602400621] [PMID]##Dalton, D. S., Cruickshanks, K. J., Klein, B. E., Klein, R., Wiley, T. L., & Nondahl, D. M. (2003). The impact of hearing loss on quality of life in older adults. The Gerontologist, 43(5), 661-668.  [DOI:10.1093/geront/43.5.661] [PMID]##Darvishi, E., Demehri, F., Saedmanesh, M., & Abooyi, A. (2020). Investigating the effectiveness of motor based cognitive rehabilitation on orientation and neuropsychological symptoms in children with non-verbal learning disorder. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 10(1), 70-86. [Link]##Domaradzka, E., & Fajkowska, M. (2018). Cognitive emotion regulation strategies in anxiety and depression understood as types of personality. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 856.  [DOI:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00856] [PMID] ##Gianarris, W. J., Golden, C. J., & Greene, L. (2001). The CONNERS’PARENT rating scales: A critical review of the literature. Clinical Psychology Review, 21(7), 1061-1093.  [DOI:10.1016/S0272-7358(00)00085-4] [PMID]##Goldenberg, A., Halperin, E., Van Zomeren, M., & Gross, J. J. (2016). The process model of group-based emotion: Integrating intergroup emotion and emotion regulation perspectives. Personality and social Psychology Review, 20(2), 118-141.[ [DOI:10.1177/1088868315581263] [PMID]##Franco-Martín, M. A., Diaz-Baquero, A. A., Bueno-Aguado, Y., Cid-Bartolomé, M. T., Parra Vidales, E., & Perea Bartolomé, M. V., et al. (2020). Computer-based cognitive rehabilitation program GRADIOR for mild dementia and mild cognitive impairment: New features. BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making,  20(1), 274. [DOI:10.1186/s12911-020-01293-w] [PMID] ##Hill, A. L., Degnan, K. A., Calkins, S. D., & Keane, S. P. (2006). Profiles of externalizing behavior problems for boys and girls across preschool: The roles of emotion regulation and inattention. Developmental Psychology, 42(5), 913.  [DOI:10.1037/0012-1649.42.5.913] [PMID]##Hintermair, M. (2013). Executive functions and behavioral problems in deaf and hard-of-hearing students at general and special schools. Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, 18(3), 344-359. [PMID] ##Hofmann, S. G., & Kashdan, T. B. (2010). The affective style questionnaire: Development and psychometric properties. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 32(2), 255–263.  [DOI:10.1007/s10862-009-9142-4] [PMID] ##Karashki, H. (2013). [Evaluating factorial structure of emotional styles in students (Persian)]. Journal of Research in Behavioural Sciences, 11(3), 185-195. [Link]##Kral, A., Kronenberger, W. G., Pisoni, D. B., & O’Donoghue, G. M. (2016). Neurocognitive factors in sensory restoration of early deafness: A connectome model. The Lancet. Neurology, 15(6), 610–621. [DOI:10.1016/S1474-4422(16)00034-X] [PMID]##Lawrence, B. J., Jayakody, D. M. P., Henshaw, H., Ferguson, M. A., Eikelboom, R. H., & Loftus, A. M., et al. (2018). Auditory and cognitive training for cognition in adults with hearing loss: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Trends in Hearing, 22, 2331216518792096. [DOI:10.1177/2331216518792096] [PMID] ##Lieu, J. E. C., Kenna, M., Anne, S., & Davidson, L. (2020). Hearing loss in children: A review. JAMA, 324(21), 2195–2205. [DOI:10.1001/jama.2020.17647] [PMID]##Korver, A. M., Smith, R. J., Van Camp, G., Schleiss, M. R., Bitner-Glindzicz, M. A., & Lustig, L. R., et al. (2017). Congenital hearing loss. Nature Reviews. Disease Primers, 3, 16094. [PMID]##Martins, A. T., Faísca, L., Vieira, H., & Gonçalves, G. (2019). Emotional recognition and empathy both in deaf and blind adults. Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, 24(2), 119–127. [PMID]##Mahrogi, H., Tozandehjani, H., Nejat, H., & Bagherzadeh-gholmakani, Z. (2021). [Comparing the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation based on attention amplification and cognitive rehabilitation based on working memory amplification in cognitive emotion regulation and information processing speed of dyslexic students (Persian)]. Neuropsychology, 7(25), 73-92. [DOI:10.30473/clpsy.2020.52835.1544] ##Morgan, G., Curtin, M., & Botting, N. (2021). The interplay between early social interaction, language and executive function development in deaf and hearing infants. Infant Behavior & Development, 64, 101591. [DOI:10.1016/j.infbeh.2021.101591] [PMID]##Nazarboland, N., Tahmasi, A., & Nejati, V. (2019). [Effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation based on “ARAM” program in improving executive functions of selective attention and inhibitory control in elderly people with mild cognitive impairment (Persian)]. 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The Effectiveness of Family-based Behavior Therapy on Behavioral Excesses of Children With Autism Via Telehealth 2 2 Objective: Family-based interventions are considered evidence-based approaches to reduce behavioral excesses for autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Due to some barriers to the delivery of these interventions for families living in underserved areas, innovative models, such as telehealth, should be investigated. Telehealth can also be an effective method to deliver interventions to immigrant families. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effectiveness and feasibility of family-based management of behavioral excesses of autism program (FMBEAP) via telehealth in Iranian families. Methods: Fourteen parents of children with ASD (mean age of 38.14±9.42 months) participated in an intervention with pre-, post, and -follow-up design. These families received a 10-week group intervention via telehealth. A range of outcome measures was collected on three occasions (pre and post-intervention and one-month follow-up) to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy of FMBEAP via telehealth. Results: The results indicated that high and low-order behavioral excesses were significantly decreased in the post-test and follow-up stages. A total of 12 out of 14 children achieved recovery or high recovery at the end of the intervention. Also, parents reported a significant improvement in parenting self-efficacy. The program was acceptable to parents, evidenced by an 82.15 satisfaction rate and 86% attainment of session goals. Conclusion: These results suggest that telehealth can be used to implement FMBEAP with acceptable fidelity and to attain substantial reductions in behavioral excesses in children with ASD. 57 70 2024/10/242024/11/182024/08/162024/08/272024/09/10 1403/6/20 2024/11/302025/01/12024/11/102024/11/112024/11/27 1403/9/7 Esmaeil Shiri Esmaeil Shiri Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Imam Khomeini International University, Ghazvin, Iran. Iran esmaeil.shiri67@yahoo.com Hamidreza Pouretemad Hamidreza Pouretemad Institute for Cognitive & Brain Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran. Iran hpouretemad@sbu.ac.ir Samaneh Behzadpoor Samaneh Behzadpoor Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran. Iran samaneh_behzadpoor@yahoo.com Family-based management of behavioral excesses of autism program (FMBEAP) Behavioral excesses Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) Telehealth Abareshi, Z., Tahmasian, K., Mazaheri, M. 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The Role of Emotional Granularity in Vulnerability to Post-traumatic Stress Disorder 2 2 Objective: Emotional granularity refers to the ability to recognize and distinguish between different emotional states, allowing individuals to respond appropriately to situations and manage their emotions more effectively. One of the main problems in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is the lack of clarity and emotional awareness that causes vulnerability to PTSD and the persistence of its symptoms. The present study aims to investigate the role of emotional granularity in vulnerability to PTSD.  Methods: The present study used a descriptive and correlational research design. The statistical population included PTSD patients referred to Roozbeh Hospital. The sample size of the research was 205 people. To collect data, the Mississippi scale for PTSD, positive and negative affect schedule (PANAS), difficulties in emotion regulation scale, and semantic similarities test were used. Also, multiple regressions were used to analyze data using SPSS software, version 26. Results: The components of emotional granularity explain 32.7% of PTSD variance. Among the components of emotional granularity, the components of positive affect (β=-0.312), and semantic similarities (β=-0.379) had significant and inverse effects (P<0.01) on PTSD. Also, components of negative emotion (β=0.304), lack of emotional clarity (β=0.382), and lack of emotional awareness (β=0.362) had a significant and direct effect (P<0.01) on PTSD. Conclusion: Emotional granularity is one of the essential factors in predicting vulnerability to PTSD because high emotional granularity is associated with greater clarity, awareness, and emotional differentiation. Low emotional granularity is associated with a need for more differentiation and emotional clarity and as a result, expressing emotions in the form of vocabulary.  71 80 2024/10/242024/11/182024/08/162024/08/272024/09/102024/10/24 1403/8/3 2024/11/302025/01/12024/11/102024/11/112024/11/272024/11/19 1403/8/29 Alireza Karimpourvazifehkhorani Alireza Karimpourvazifehkhorani Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran. Iran alireza.kpsy92@gmail.com Majid Mahmoodalilou Majid Mahmoodalilou Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran. Iran M.alilou@gmail.com Paria Davatgari Paria Davatgari Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran. Iran paria.davatgari@gmail.com Saba Aslanabadi Saba Aslanabadi Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran. Iran a.feelfull92@gmail.com Sanam Asadi faezi Sanam Asadi faezi Department of Gerontology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey. Turkey Asadifaezisanam.com Hossein Kamalighasemabadi Hossein Kamalighasemabadi Department of Family and Sexual Health, Faculty of Medicine , Shahed University, Tehran, Iran. Iran h.kamali@gmail.com Bahar Dehghanpour Hanzaei Bahar Dehghanpour Hanzaei Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Behavioral Sciences, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Iran Bahar.deghanpourh@gmail.com Fatemeh Sadat Raeisian Fatemeh Sadat Raeisian Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Iran fa.raeesian@gmail.com Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) Emotional granularity Emotional differential Alexandra Kredlow, M., Fenster, R. J., Laurent, E. S., Ressler, K. J., & Phelps, E. A. 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Emotion, 12(2), 326-337. [DOI:10.1037/a0025762] [PMID]##Potthoff, J., Wabnegger, A., & Schienle, A. (2023). A differentiated look at emotions: Association between gaze behaviour during the processing of affective videos and emotional granularity. Cognition and Emotion, 1–8. Advance online publication. [PMID]##Pugach, C. P., & Wisco, B. E. (2023). Emotion regulation repertoires in trauma-exposed college students: Associations with PTSD symptoms, emotional awareness, and emotional clarity. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 15(S1), 37-46. [DOI:10.1037/tra0001200] [PMID]##Seah, T. S., Aurora, P., & Coifman, K. G. (2020). Emotion differentiation as a protective factor against the behavioral consequences of rumination: A conceptual replication and extension in the context of social anxiety. Behavior Therapy, 51(1), 135-148. [DOI:10.1016/j.beth.2019.05.011] [PMID]##Smidt, K. E., & Suvak, M. K. (2015). A brief, but nuanced, review of emotional granularity and emotion differentiation research. Current Opinion in Psychology, 3, 48-51. [DOI:10.1016/j.copsyc.2015.02.007]##Specker, P., Liddell, B. J., O’Donnell, M., Bryant, R. A., Mau, V., & McMahon, T., et al. (2024). The longitudinal association between posttraumatic stress disorder, emotion dysregulation, and postmigration stressors among refugees. Clinical Psychological Science, 12(1), 37-52. [DOI:10.1177/21677026231164393]##Springstein, T., Thompson, R. J., & English, T. (2024). Examining situational differences in momentary emotion differentiation and emotional clarity in everyday life. Emotion, 24(4), 947-959. [DOI:10.1037/emo0001311] [PMID]##Suvak, M. K., Musicaro, R. M., & Hodgdon, H. (2020). Emotional granularity in PTSD. In M. T. Tull & N. A. Kimbrel (Eds.), Emotion in posttraumatic stress disorder (pp. 377-407). Massachusetts: Academic Press. [DOI:10.1016/B978-0-12-816022-0.00013-2]##Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2001). 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Integrative Couple Therapy on Improving Marital Satisfaction and Marital Intimacy in Incompatible Couples: An Experimental Study 2 2 Objective: The present study examined the effectiveness of integrative couple therapy (ICT) in improving marital satisfaction and intimacy in incompatible couples.  Methods: The current research method was a quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test with an experimental and control group. The statistical population of the present study included all couples with marital discord which were referred to the counseling centers of Tabriz City, Iran in, 2023-2024. Among them, a sample of 40 couples with incompatible statuses was selected using the convenience sampling method and according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. They were randomly selected and assigned to the ICT group (n=20) and control group (n=20). Data collection tools included the Bagarozi marital intimacy questionnaire, Enrich marital satisfaction questionnaire, and ICT package. Univariate and multivariate variance analysis methods were used to check the hypotheses. Results: The results showed that ICT improves the components of marital satisfaction and the components of marital intimacy, and this difference was significant at the P<0.01 level.  Conclusion: Based on the obtained results, we conclude that ICT helps couples show their emotions, and in this way, they can change the rules that prevent them from establishing emotional relationships. 81 90 2024/10/242024/11/182024/08/162024/08/272024/09/102024/10/242024/11/13 1403/8/23 2024/11/302025/01/12024/11/102024/11/112024/11/272024/11/192024/11/24 1403/9/4 Mansoor Beyrami Mansoor Beyrami Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Faculty of Psychology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran. Iran m.beyrami@gmail.com Leila Azhideh Leila Azhideh Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Faculty of Psychology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran. Iran leilaazhideh95@gmail.com Integrative couple therapy Marital satisfaction Marital intimacy Incompatible couples Ali, P. A., McGarry, J., & Maqsood, A. (2022). Spousal role expectations and marital conflict: Perspectives of men and women. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 37(9-10), NP7082-NP7108. [DOI:10.1177/0886260520966667] [PMID] ##Ariapooran, S., & Raziani, S. (2019). Sexual satisfaction, marital intimacy, and depression in married Iranian nurses with and without symptoms of secondary traumatic stress. Psychological Reports, 122(3), 809-825. [DOI:10.1177/0033294118776927] [PMID]##Bagarozzi, D. A. (2001). Enhancing intimacy in marriage. New York: Routledge. [DOI:10.4324/9781315787053]##Barraca, J., & Polanski, T. X. (2021). Infidelity treatment from an integrative behavioral couple therapy perspective: Explanatory model and intervention strategies. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 47(4), 909-924. [DOI:10.1111/jmft.12483] [PMID]##Cajanding, R. J. M. (2016). The effectiveness of a Nurse-Led cognitive-behavioral therapy on the quality of life, self-esteem and mood among Filipino patients living with heart failure: A randomized controlled trial. Applied Nursing Research, 31, 86-93. [DOI:10.1016/j.apnr.2016.01.002] [PMID]##Farabi, M., Taimory, S., & Rajaie, A. (2023). [Comparting the effectiveness of combined cognitive-behavioral couple therapy and integrated behavioral couple therapy in improving family functioning in couples with extramarital affairs (Persian). Shenakht Journal of Psychology and Psychiatry, 10(1), 31-44. [DOI:10.32598/shenakht.10.1.31]##Farhadi, A., Salehin, S., Aghayan, S., Keramat, A., & Talebi, S. (2020). [The effectiveness of reality therapy based on choice theory on marital intimacy and sexual satisfaction of newly married women (Persian)]. Avicenna Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Care, 28(2), 83-92. [DOI:10.30699/ajnmc.28.2.83]##Fowers, B. J., & Olson, D. H. (1993). ENRICH Marital Satisfaction Scale: A brief research and clinical tool. Journal of Family psychology, 7(2), 176-185. [DOI:10.1037/0893-3200.7.2.176]##Gordon, K. C., Mitchell, E. A., Baucom, D. H., & Snyder, D. K. (2023). Couple therapy for infidelity. In J. L. Lebow & D. K. Snyder (Eds.), Clinical handbook of couple therapy (6th ed., pp. 413–433). New York: The Guilford Press. [Link]##Gurman, A. S. (2008). Integrative couple therapy: A depth-behavioral approach. In A. S. Gurman (Ed.), Clinical handbook of couple therapy ( pp. 383–423). New York: The Guilford Press. [Link]##Jaberi, S., Etemadi, O., & Ahmadi, S. (2016). [Investigation of structural relationship between communication skills and marital intimacy (Persian)]. Research in Cognitive and Behavioral Sciences, 5(2), 143-152. [Link]##Javadivala, Z., Allahverdipour, H., Kouzekanani, K., Merghati-Khoei, E., Asghari Jafarabadi, M., & Mirghafourvand, M. (2019). A randomized trial of a relationship-enhancement approach in improving marital intimacy in middle-aged Iranian couples. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, 45(3), 190-200. [DOI:10.1080/0092623X.2018.1501447] [PMID]##Kamali, Z., Allahyar, N., Ostovar, S., Alhabshi, S. M. S. B. S. M., & Griffiths, M. D. (2020). Factors that influence marital intimacy: A qualitative analysis of Iranian married couples. Cogent Psychology, 7(1), 1771118. [DOI:10.1080/23311908.2020.1771118]##Karimpour A, Mahmoodalilou M, Davatgari P, Aslanabadi S, Asadi faezi S, & Kamali H, et al . (2025). The role of emotional granularity in vulnerability to post-traumatic stress disorder. Practice in Clinical Psychology, 13(1). [DOI:10.32598/jpcp.13.1.990.1]##Khojasteh-Mehr, R., Movahedi, M., & Rajabi, G. (2010). [The effect of intimacy training on enhancement of relationship intimacy in couples (Persian)]. Psychological Achievements, 17(1), 53-68. [Link]##Kordovani, S., Khaleghipour, S., & Tabatabaeinejad , F. (2024). Comparison of the effectiveness of integrated behavioral couple therapy and schema-focused couple therapy on conflict resolution styles in conflicting couples. Applied Family Therapy Journal (AFTJ), 5(2), 68-78. [DOI:10.61838/kman.aftj.5.2.8]##Lee, M., Kim, Y. S., & Lee, M. K. (2021). The mediating effect of marital intimacy on the relationship between spouse-related stress and prenatal depression in pregnant couples: An actor-partner interdependent model test. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(2), 487. [DOI:10.3390/ijerph18020487] [PMID] ##Li, X., Cao, H., Lan, J., Ju, X., Zheng, Y., & Chen, Y., et al. (2019). The association between transition pattern of marital conflict resolution styles and marital quality trajectory during the early years of Chinese marriage. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 36(1), 153-186. [DOI:10.1177/0265407517721380]##Montesi, J. L., Conner, B. T., Gordon, E. A., Fauber, R. L., Kim, K. H., & Heimberg, R. G. (2013). On the relationship among social anxiety, intimacy, sexual communication, and sexual satisfaction in young couples. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 42(1), 81–91. [DOI:10.1007/s10508-012-9929-3] [PMID]##Nezamalmolki, M., Bahrainian, S. A., & Shahabizadeh, F. (2024). Effectiveness of integrative couple therapy on sexual function, marital intimacy, and impulsivity in women affected by marital infidelity. Journal of Assessment and Research in Applied Counseling (JARAC), 6(2), 19-26. [DOI:10.61838/kman.jarac.6.2.3]##Nielsen, A. (2024). Integrative couple therapy in action: A practical guide for handling common relationship problems and crises. Psychoanalysis, Self and Context, 19(1), 122-124. [DOI:10.1080/24720038.2023.2267620]##Noury, R., Karimi, N., & Mohammadi, M. (2017). [Relationship between prenatal depression with social support and marital satisfaction (Persian)]. Sarem Journal of Medical Research, 2(3), 153-157. [DOI:10.29252/sjrm.1.4.153]##Petloo, A. S., Vaziri, S., & Kashani, F. L. (2022). The effect of integrative therapies based on the regulation of cognitive, emotional, and behavioral mediators on marital adaptation: A systematic review. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 16(1), e116680. [DOI:10.5812/ijpbs.116680]##Reiter, M. D., & Chenail, R. J. (2017). Behavioral, humanistic-existential, and psychodynamic approaches to couples counseling. New York, NY: Routledge. [Link]##Roddy, M. K., Nowlan, K. M., Doss, B. D., & Christensen, A. (2016). Integrative behavioral couple therapy: Theoretical background, empirical research, and dissemination. Family Process, 55(3), 408-422. [DOI:10.1111/famp.12223] [PMID]##Snyder, D. K., & Balderrama-Durbin, C. (2012). Integrative approaches to couple therapy: Implications for clinical practice and research. Behavior Therapy, 43(1), 13-24. [DOI:10.1016/j.beth.2011.03.004] [PMID]##Snyder, D. K., Castellani, A. M., & Whisman, M. A. (2006). Current status and future directions in couple therapy. Annual Review of Psychology, 57, 317–344 [DOI:10.1146/annurev.psych.56.091103.070154] [PMID]##Spengler, P. M., Lee, N. A., Wiebe, S. A., & Wittenborn, A. K. (2024). A comprehensive meta-analysis on the efficacy of emotionally focused couple therapy. Couple and Family Psychology: Research and Practice, 13(2), 81-99. [DOI:10.1037/cfp0000233]##Wagner, A., Mosmann, C. P., Scheeren, P., & Levandowski, D. C. (2019). Conflict, conflict resolution and marital quality. Paidéia (Ribeirão Preto), 29, e2919. [DOI:10.1590/1982-4327e2919]##Walker, A. J., & Thompson, L. (1983). Intimacy and intergenerational aid and contact among mothers and daughters. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 45(4), 841-849. [DOI:10.2307/351796]##Wile, D. B. (2019). Collaborative couple therapy. In J. L. Lebow, A. L. Chambers & D.C. Breunlin (Eds), Encyclopedia of couple and family therapy. Cham: Springer. [DOI:10.1007/978-3-319-49425-8_214]##Zohdi, Y., Mohammadkhani, P., & Karimpour-Vazifehkhorani, A. (2022). The role of anhedonia and low arousal in substance use disorder among adolescents with conduct disorder symptoms. Practice in Clinical Psychology, 10(2), 111-120. [DOI:10.32598/jpcp.10.2.815.1]## ##

The Relationship Between Children’s Theory of Mind and Anxiety Symptoms 2 2 Objective: The relationship between preschool children’s theory of mind (ToM) and anxiety symptoms is theoretically crucial and practically applicable. While ToM and anxiety play crucial roles in social interactions, their effects are often opposites. This study aims to examine the relationship between ToM skills and anxiety in typically developing preschoolers. Methods: Data were collected from the parents of 93 Iranian children (50 boys and 43 girls) aged 4 to 10 between 2022 and 2023.The parents filled out the children’s social understanding scale (CSUS) and the parent-version of the Spence children’s anxiety scale (SCAS-P).  Results: The results indicated a significant relationship between some aspects of TOM, such as emotion, perception, belief, knowledge, and anxiety symptoms.  Conclusion: These elements of TOM were reliable indicators of anxiety symptoms in typically developing preschoolers. 91 98 2024/10/242024/11/182024/08/162024/08/272024/09/102024/10/242024/11/132024/11/18 1403/8/28 2024/11/302025/01/12024/11/102024/11/112024/11/272024/11/192024/11/242024/12/2 1403/9/12 Saeid Sadeghi Saeid Sadeghi Institute for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran. Iran sae_sadeghi@sbu.ac.ir Sajad Ayoubi Sajad Ayoubi Institute for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran. Iran sajjadayyobipsc@gmail.com Amirhossein Rabei Amirhossein Rabei Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran. Iran Amirhossein.R1537@yahoo.com Social cognition Theory of mind (ToM) Emotion Anxiety Preschooler Andreou, M., Tsimpli, I. M., Durrleman, S., & Peristeri, E. (2020). Theory of mind, executive functions, and syntax in bilingual children with autism spectrum disorder. Languages, 5(4), 67. [DOI:10.3390/languages5040067]##Beesdo, K., Knappe, S., & Pine, D. S. (2009). Anxiety and anxiety disorders in children and adolescents: Developmental issues and implications for DSM-V. The Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 32(3), 483–524. [DOI:10.1016/j.psc.2009.06.002] [PMID] ##Berecz, H., Tényi, T., & Herold, R. (2016). Theory of mind in depressive disorders: A review of the literature. Psychopathology, 49(3), 125–134. [DOI:10.1159/000446707] [PMID]##Bosacki, S. L. (2013). A longitudinal study of children’s theory of mind, self-concept, and perceptions of humor in self and other. Social Behavior and Personality, 41(4), 663-673. [DOI:10.2224/sbp.2013.41.4.663]##Bosacki, S. L. (2015). Children’s theory of mind, self-perceptions, and peer relations: A longitudinal study. Infant and Child Development, 24(2), 175-188. [DOI:10.1002/icd.1878]##Bosquet, M., & Egeland, B. (2006). The development and maintenance of anxiety symptoms from infancy through adolescence in a longitudinal sample. Development and Psychopathology, 18(2), 517-550. [DOI:10.1017/S0954579406060275] [PMID]##Caputi, M., & Schoenborn, H. (2018). Theory of mind and internalizing symptoms during middle childhood and early adolescence: The mediating role of coping strategies. Cogent Psychology, 5(1), 1487270. [DOI:10.1080/23311908.2018.1487270]##Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022). Children’s Mental Health. Retrieved from: [Link]##Colonnesi, C., Nikolić, M., de Vente, W., & Bögels, S. M. (2017). Social anxiety symptoms in young children: Investigating the interplay of theory of mind and expressions of shyness. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 45(5), 997-1011. [DOI:10.1007/s10802-016-0206-0] [PMID] ##Cutting, A. L., & Dunn, J. (2002). The cost of understanding other people: Social cognition predicts young children’s sensitivity to criticism. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines, 43(7), 849–860. [DOI:10.1111/1469-7610.t01-1-00047] [PMID]##Hoogenhout, M., & Malcolm-Smith, S. (2014). Theory of mind in autism spectrum disorder: Does DSM classification predict development? Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 8(6), 597-607. [DOI:10.1016/j.rasd.2014.02.005]##Inoue, Y., Yamada, K., & Kanba, S. (2006). Deficit in theory of mind is a risk for relapse of major depression. Journal of Affective Disorders, 95(1-3), 125-127. [DOI:10.1016/j.jad.2006.04.018] [PMID]##Korkmaz, B. (2011). Theory of mind and neurodevelopmental disorders of childhood. Pediatric Research, 69(5 Pt 2), 101R–8R.[DOI:10.1203/PDR.0b013e318212c177] [PMID]##Melfsen, S., & Florin, I. (2002). Do socially anxious children show deficits in classifying facial expressions of emotions? Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, 26(2), 109-126. [DOI:10.1023/A:1015665521371]##Mitchell, P. (1997). Introduction to theory of mind: Children, autism and apes. London: Edward Arnold Publishers. [Link]##Moldovan, M., & Visu-Petra, L. (2021). Theory of mind, anxiety, and interpretive bias during middle childhood. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 31(1), 99-113. [DOI:10.1007/s10826-021-02023-0]##Muris, P., Mayer, B., Vermeulen, L., & Hiemstra, H. (2007). Theory-of-mind, cognitive development, and children’s interpretation of anxiety-related physical symptoms. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 45(9), 2121-2132. [DOI:10.1016/j.brat.2007.02.014] [PMID]##Nauta, M. H., Scholing, A., Rapee, R. M., Abbott, M., Spence, S. H., & Waters, A. (2004). A parent-report measure of children’s anxiety: Psychometric properties and comparison with child-report in a clinic and normal sample. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 42(7), 813-839. [DOI:10.1016/S0005-7967(03)00200-6] [PMID]##Nestor, B. A., Sutherland, S., & Garber, J. (2022). Theory of mind performance in depression: A meta-analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders, 303, 233-244. [DOI:10.1016/j.jad.2022.02.028] [PMID] ##Nikolić, M., van der Storm, L., Colonnesi, C., Brummelman, E., Kan, K. J., & Bögels, S. (2019). Are socially anxious children poor or advanced mindreaders? Child Development, 90(4), 1424-1441. [DOI:10.1111/cdev.13248] [PMID] ##Osorio, A. (2022). Research Update: Children’s Anxiety and Depression on the Rise. Retrieved from: [Link]##Patel, V., Flisher, A. J., Hetrick, S., & McGorry, P. (2007). Mental health of young people: A global public-health challenge. Lancet (London, England), 369(9569), 1302–1313. [DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60368-7] [PMID]##Sadeghi, S., Pouretemad, H. R., & Badv, R. Sh. (2021). Impaired executive functions predict repetitive behaviors in toddlers under 36 months old with autism spectrum disorder symptoms. [Unpublished]. [DOI:10.21203/rs.3.rs-370568/v1]##Sprung, M., Burghardt, J., Mazza, M., & Riffer, F. (2022). Editorial : Misunderstanding others : Theory of mind in psychological disorders. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 838853. [PMID] ##Tahiroglu, D., Moses, L. J., Carlson, S. M., Mahy, C. E. V, Olofson, E. L., & Sabbagh, M. A. (2014). The Children’s Social Understanding Scale: Construction and validation of a parent-report measure for assessing individual differences in children’s theories of mind. Developmental Psychology, 50(11), 2485-2497. [DOI:10.1037/a0037914] [PMID]##Ziani, N. H., & Newman, M. G. (2018). Worry amplifies theory-of-mind reasoning for negatively valenced social stimuli in generalized anxiety disorder Nur. Journal of Affective Disorders, 227, 824–833. [DOI:10.1016/j.jad.2017.11.084] [PMID]## ##