@article{ 
author = {Mohammadkhani, Parvaneh and S.Dobson, Keith and Abasi, Imaneh and Tamannaeifar, Mohammadreza and Azadmehr, Hedieh},  
title = {Psychometric Properties of McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire in Recovered Iranian Depressed Patients}, 
abstract ={Objective: The purposes of this study were to evaluate the psychometric characteristics and perform a factor analysis of McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire (MQOL) in a sample of recovered depressed patients. Methods: Present study was a cross sectional research. Data were obtained from a sample of recovered depressed patients. A total of 354 participants (67 males, 287 females) were assessed using the structured clinical interview for DSM-IV disorders (SCID) to ensure their full recovery from their most recent episode of depression. Then, they completed a series of self-report measures, including the McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire. Confirmatory factor analysis using LISREL-8.54 and Cronbach’s alpha using SPSS-16 were done for analyzing data. Results: Descriptive statistics for the MQOL were performed, and confirmatory factor analysis was used to assess the fitness of the hypothesized factor structure. The Cronbach α coefficients were calculated for the questionnaire and its each subscale to examine the internal reliability, which was found to be high for the overall questionnaire as well as its each subscale, as α coefficients ranged from 0.58 (for the physical scale) to 0.88 (for the existential scale). Conclusion: MQOL can be employed as a tool for assessing quality of life in research and practice in these patients.},  
Keywords = {Quality of life, Instrument, Depression, Factor analysis},
volume = {4},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {3-8}, 
publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},
url = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-329-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-329-en.pdf},  
journal = {Practice in Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {2423-5822}, 
eissn = {2423-5822}, 
year = {2016}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Abdi, Reza and Chalabianloo, Gholamreza and Jabari, Golnaz},  
title = {Effect of Mindfulness Practices on Executive Functions of Elementary School Students}, 
abstract ={Objective: The present study aimed to investigate effectiveness of mindfulness exercises on the executive functions of elementary school students. Methods: To this end, 32 female students of second and third grade were selected by cluster sampling method with regard to inclusion criteria (having average IQ, being right-handed) and exclusion criteria (having physical and mental illness, or psychological and psychiatric interventions) and randomly assigned in experimental (mean±SD age; 97.12±3.48 mo) and control groups (mean±SD age; 96.18±3.33 mo). Then, the experimental group participated in 8 sessions of mindfulness exercise (each session, 1 h), but control group received no intervention. Before and after intervention, all participants took working memory test, continuous performance test, and Wisconsin card sorting test. Finally, the obtained data were analyzed by ANCOVA with SPSS 21 software. Results: Our findings showed that mindfulness had significant effect on forward and backward memory as well as total score of memory (P<0.01). Also, findings showed that mindfulness improved perseveration dimension of cognitive flexibility (P<0.05). Finally, mindfulness could somewhat improve response time of attention (P<0.01). Conclusion: These findings are consistent with previous research in which the effectiveness of mindfulness on executive functions was approved, though in some dimensions of our variables, the effects were not significant which might be due to the limited sessions of training.},  
Keywords = {Cognition, Mindfulness, Executive functions},
volume = {4},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {9-16}, 
publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},
url = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-296-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-296-en.pdf},  
journal = {Practice in Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {2423-5822}, 
eissn = {2423-5822}, 
year = {2016}  
}

@article{ 
author = {AkbariYeganeh, Zahra and Dolatshahee, Behrouz and RezaeeDogaheh, Ebrahim},  
title = {The Effectiveness of Neurofeedback Training on Reducing Symptoms of War Veterans with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder}, 
abstract ={Objective: Current study aimed to determine the effectiveness of neurofeedback training on decreasing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in veterans. Methods: The present study is an experimental research with pretest, posttest, and control group design. Patients with PTSD were randomly selected by purposive sampling method and assigned in experimental (15 persons) and control groups (15 persons). Data were collected by the posttraumatic stress disorder checklist (PCL). After the pretest, experimental group received neurofeedback training for 20 sessions, 3 days per week. Groups were evaluated for intensity of symptoms by PCL questionnaire at the beginning and end of the study. Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) by SPSS version 22. Results: The results of covariance test showed that there are differences between adjusted mean of PTSD symptoms in groups in posttest by removing the impact of pretest scores. Conclusion: Our findings showed that neurofeedback training has significantly decreased the score of total symptoms (F=22.506, P<0.001).},  
Keywords = {Neurofeedback, Posttraumatic stress disorder, Veterans},
volume = {4},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {17-24}, 
publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},
url = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-312-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-312-en.pdf},  
journal = {Practice in Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {2423-5822}, 
eissn = {2423-5822}, 
year = {2016}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Motahhari, Sajjad and Etemadi, Ahmad and Shafiabady, Abdollah and QorbaniVanajemi, Mil},  
title = {The Effectiveness of Psychotherapy Based on Quality of Life Improvement on Emotion Regulation and Relapse Prevention in Addicts}, 
abstract ={Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of psychotherapy based on quality of life improvement (QoLI) on emotion regulation and the prevention of relapse in addicts under methadone maintenance therapy (MMT). Methods: This research is a semi-experimental pretest-posttest study with a control group. Eight sessions of psychotherapy training based on QoLI were implemented for the experimental group; the control group received no intervention. We used difficulties in emotion regulation scale (DERS) to evaluate the participants. In the post-test phase, both control and experimental groups had a urine test for morphine. For data analysis, SPSS version 18 and the statistical methods of analysis of covariance and Chi-square test were used. Results: There is a significant difference between the scores of the difficulties in emotion regulation between experimental and control groups in post-test (P˂0.05). Moreover, the rate of relapse among participants in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group. Conclusion: Psychotherapy based on QoLI was effective on the reduction of difficulties in emotion regulation and prevention of drug abuse relapse among addicts under MMT.},  
Keywords = {Addiction, quality of life therapy, difficulties in emotion regulation, relapse, methadone maintenance therapy.},
volume = {4},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {25-32}, 
publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},
url = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-302-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-302-en.pdf},  
journal = {Practice in Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {2423-5822}, 
eissn = {2423-5822}, 
year = {2016}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Purehsan, Somayeh and Falsafinejad, Mohammadreza and Delavar, Ali and Farokhi, Noorali and Borjali, Ahm},  
title = {Metacognitive Beliefs and Students’ Tendency toward Drug Abbuse and Cross-level Effect of School-Bounding}, 
abstract ={Objective: The present research aimed to examine positive and negative beliefs about worry and tendency of students to drug abuse in terms of cross-level effect of school-bounding. Methods: In this multi-level investigation, 1000 students of high schools were selected by means of multi-stage sampling technique. Then, they completed metacognitive questionnaire (MCQ), school-bounding and questionnaire of readiness for addiction scale (Wade & Butcher). The data were analyzed by cross-level analytical method. Results: Findings showed that positive and negative metacognitive beliefs significantly affect students’ tendency to drug abuse and the variable of school-bounding has direct and significant effect on students’ tendency to drug abuse while it has indirect and significant effect on relationship among negative and positive beliefs about worry and tendency to drug abuse. Conclusion: The results indicate the importance of taking multi-level approach toward tendency to drug abuse and addiction and using microlevel and macrolevel to define phenomenon of addiction and tendency to drug abuse.},  
Keywords = {Multi-level analysis, Crosslevel analysis, Tendency to drug abuse},
volume = {4},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {33-42}, 
publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},
url = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-218-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-218-en.pdf},  
journal = {Practice in Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {2423-5822}, 
eissn = {2423-5822}, 
year = {2016}  
}

@article{ 
author = {IranianPehrabad, Samaneh and Mashhadi, Ali and Tabibi, Zahra and ModaresGharavi, Mortez},  
title = {Psychometric Properties of Relationship Scales Questionnaire in Iranian Female Students}, 
abstract ={Objective: In recent decades, researchers have designed various tools for assessment and study of the interpersonal relationships from an attachment perspective. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the relationship scales questionnaire (RSQ), which is one of these tools. Methods: A total of 368 female undergraduate students of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (academic year 2012-13) were selected by quota sampling method from all colleges of the university and were tested by RSQ. Internal consistency method was used to check the reliability of the questionnaire and exploratory factor analysis to assess its construct validity by SPSS 19. Results: The exploratory factorial analysis of RSQ showed 2 different patterns. The Collins and Read 3-factor model showed 40.16% of the total variance, and Simpson 2-factor model determined 35.36% of the total variance. The Cronbach α coefficients were 0.67 for 2-factor model, and 0.57 for 3-factor model. Conclusion: Both analyzed models showed a relatively average validity for the Iranian version of this questionnaire. Moreover, the 3-factor model had a higher acceptable validity. },  
Keywords = {Relationship scales questionnaire, Attachment style, Psychometric characteristics},
volume = {4},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {43-50}, 
publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},
url = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-239-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-239-en.pdf},  
journal = {Practice in Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {2423-5822}, 
eissn = {2423-5822}, 
year = {2016}  
}

@article{ 
author = {MeyzariAli, Raziyeh and DashtBozorgi, Zahr},  
title = {The Relationship of Altruistic Behavior, Empathetic Sense, and Social Responsibility with Happiness among University Students}, 
abstract ={Objective:The present research aimed to study the relationship of altruistic behavior, empathetic sense, and social responsibility with happiness Methods: This research was a survey, cross sectional and correlational study. Hence, a total of 300 university students were selected through random-stratified sampling from the students of Islamic Azad University. The students filled out the research tools including altruism, empathy, social responsibility questionnaires and Oxford happiness questionnaire. The obtained data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation and enter multiple regressions by SPSS version 20. Results: Results showed a significant relationship between happiness, altruistic behavior, empathetic sense, and social responsibility (P<0.05). Moreover, happy individuals demonstrate more cooperative behaviors and are more satisfied with their residence. Conclusion: Happiness as one of the most fundamental positive feelings has a crucial role in creating altruism and empathy in both the individual and the society.},  
Keywords = {Altruism, Empathy, Social responsibility, Happiness},
volume = {4},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {51-56}, 
publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},
url = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-262-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-262-en.pdf},  
journal = {Practice in Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {2423-5822}, 
eissn = {2423-5822}, 
year = {2016}  
}

@article{ 
author = {KhajeMansoori, Amin and Mohammadkhani, Parvaneh and Mazidi, Mahdi and Kami, Maryam and BakhshiNodooshan, Mojgan and Shahidi, Shokooh},  
title = {The Role of Metacognition and Intolerance of Uncertainty in Differentiating Illness Anxiety and Generalized Anxiety}, 
abstract ={Objective:This study aimed to differentiate illness anxiety and generalized anxiety by the role of metacognition and intolerance of uncertainty. Methods: This research was a descriptive-correlational study with an ex post facto design. The study population included all students of Yazd University, and the study sample comprised 400 healthy adult university students (Mean age=23.3 years, SD=4.9) who were selected using the convenience sampling method. Participants were asked to fill out 4 self-report measures: short health anxiety inventory, intolerance of uncertainty scale, metacognitions questionnaire, and Penn State Worry questionnaire. Finally, 338 questionnaires were statistically analyzed by SPSS 20, using ANOVA and discriminant function analysis. Results: The results showed that there were significant differences between different groups with respect to most studied variables and that intolerance of uncertainty cannot discriminate between 2 disorders. We can argue that this factor is a significant risk factor in both illness anxiety and generalized anxiety disorders. Conclusion: In general, transdiagnostic factors such as intolerance of uncertainty and cognitive beliefs have significant roles in emotional disorders, and can be considered as therapeutic targets.},  
Keywords = {Metacognition, Comorbidity, Anxiety disorders, Diagnosis},
volume = {4},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {57-65}, 
publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},
url = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-303-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-303-en.pdf},  
journal = {Practice in Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {2423-5822}, 
eissn = {2423-5822}, 
year = {2016}  
}

@article{ 
author = {AlizadehGoradel, Jaber and Pouresmali, Asghar and Mowlaie, Mehri and SadeghiMovahed, Farib},  
title = {The Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Obsession-compulsion, Anxiety, and Depression of a Patient Suffering from Obsessive-compulsive Disorder}, 
abstract ={Objective: Obsessive-Compulsive disorder (OCD) is one of the greatest and debilitating disorders, which many of its patients do not respond to psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy. In this regard, paying attention to new treatments such as transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is important. The purpose of the present research was to examine the effects of tDCS on the obsession-compulsion (OC), anxiety, and depression of a patient suffering from OCD. Methods: The present study conducted on a 23-year-old female patient with OCD. tDCS sessions were lasted 10 days, one session per day and each session of about 20 minutes with 2.0 mA intensity. The results of Beck depression inventory, Hamilton anxiety rating scale, and Yale Brown obsessive-compulsive scale showed decrease in OC, depression, and anxiety symptoms after 10 sessions of tDCS. Results: The results of the present research using cathodal tDCS on orbitofrontal cortex in 10 sessions showed that this montage is a powerful and successful treatment for patients with OCD and alleviate their OC, depression, and anxiety symptoms. Conclusion: The data were analyzed by diagram analysis and improvement percentage. This study showed that anodal tDCS on O2 and cathodal tDCS on orbitofrontal cortex improved OC, anxiety and depression symptoms. However, our findings give introductory confirmation that our patient with OCD has a positive response to cathode tDCS of the OFC.},  
Keywords = {Anxiety, Depression, Transcranial direct current stimulation, Obsessioncompulsion},
volume = {4},
Number = {2}, 
pages = {75-80}, 
publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},

doi = {10.15412/J.JPCP.06040201},
url = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-304-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-304-en.pdf},  
journal = {Practice in Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {2423-5822}, 
eissn = {2423-5822}, 
year = {2016}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Abbasi, Saeid and Sajedi, Firoozeh and Hemmati, Sahel and NajafiFard, Tahereh and Azadchehr, Mohammad Javad and Poursadoghi, Abolfazl},  
title = {Evaluation of Quality of Life in Mothers of Children with Down Syndrome}, 
abstract ={Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the quality of life and related factors in mothers of children with Down syndrome. Methods: The study method was correlation-survey (sectional). Sampling was based on the available population. The research population consisted of all mothers of children with Down syndrome referred to the Down Syndrome Center: out of them 70 mothers of children with Down syndrome were randomly selected for study sample. Research tools were the WHO “quality of life” questionnaire, as well as a demographic and background information questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS-16 software and ANOVA, multiple regression analysis and t-test. Results: The results showed a significant association of physical health and environmental health with the housing type (P<0.05). So that mothers living in private houses have higher physical and environmental health than those who live in rental houses. But, There were no significant relationship between the independent variables and the other subscales and total score of “quality of life” (P>0.05). Conclusion: People’s negative attitude toward some disabilities and limitations, society’s little information, inappropriate cultural, social, and economic conditions, and insufficient available resources can be the most important factors affecting the quality of life. It is recommended that the relevant organizations provide services and conditions for mothers of children with Down syndrome in order to improve their quality of life and health.},  
Keywords = {Quality of life, Mothers, Children with down syndrome},
volume = {4},
Number = {2}, 
pages = {81-88}, 
publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},

doi = {10.15412/J.JPCP.06040202},
url = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-248-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-248-en.pdf},  
journal = {Practice in Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {2423-5822}, 
eissn = {2423-5822}, 
year = {2016}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Hatami, Fatimah and Ghahremani, Leila and Kaveh, Mohammad Hossein and Keshavarzi, Sarah},  
title = {The Effect of Self-Awareness Training with Painting on Self-Efficacy among Orphaned Adolescents}, 
abstract ={Objective: Self-awareness is the ability to accurately perceive the aspects of our personality, behavior, emotions, and otivations. It is the foundation of all kinds of emotional restraints. Moreover, the feeling of having control over everything is associated with improved mental health. Self-awareness skills are characterized as a set of coping and self-management skills that increase self-efficacy. Methods: This semi-experimental randomized controlled study was conducted on 80 individuals divided into an intervention and a control group. All 80 subjects were selected from 150 eligible orphaned adolescents under the coverage of Imam Khomeini Relief Foundation. The educational intervention was conducted through five 120-minute sessions. simple random sampling and were divided into two groups using balanced block randomization The data were collected using selfawareness and self-efficacy questionnaires and then were analyzed by SPSS version 19. Results: The results showed a significant difference between the 2 groups regarding self-efficacy and self-awareness scores before and then 1 and 6 weeks after the intervention (P<0.001). The intervention group’s mean(SD) scores of self-awareness were 27.00(2.97), 34.1(2.09), and 34.55(2.04) in the pretest, first posttest (1 week after the intervention), and second posttest (6 weeks after the intervention), respectively. Also, the intervention group’s mean(SD) scores of self-efficacy were 26.00(19.56), 164.55(19.56), and 173.66(15.84) in the pretest, first posttest, and second posttest, respectively. Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that self-awareness training directly increased selfawareness skills and self-efficacy. Thus, self-awareness skills training with painting approach is effective in promoting self-awareness and self-efficacy among adolescents.},  
Keywords = {Self-awareness, Self-efficacy, Painting, Adolescent},
volume = {4},
Number = {2}, 
pages = {89-96}, 
publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},

doi = {10.15412/J.JPCP.06040203},
url = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-288-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-288-en.pdf},  
journal = {Practice in Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {2423-5822}, 
eissn = {2423-5822}, 
year = {2016}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Rastegar, Neda and Dolatshahi, Behrouz and RezaeeDogahe, Ebrahim},  
title = {The Effect of Neurofeedback Training on Increasing Sustained Attention in Veterans with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder}, 
abstract ={Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of neurofeedback training on improving sustained attention of veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Methods: The research design is quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest and control group. The study population consisted of the veterans with PTSD who were hospitalized in psychiatric wards. Purposeful sampling method was done to select 30 patients in psychiatric hospitals of Sadr, Delaram, and Parsa during spring, summer, and autumn of 2014 by considering their arrivals and departures. Then, they were randomly assigned into 2 experimental (n=15) and control group (n=15). The neurofeedback training by alpha-theta protocol was administered to the experimental group, but the control group did not receive any neurofeedback training. The sustained attention was measured by continuous performance test (CPT). After that, the data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of variance. Results: The results showed that neurofeedback training significantly increased the omission errors (P<0.001, F=17.074), commission errors (P<0.001, F=18.515), and reaction times (P=0.044, F=4.511) in sustained attention and reduced correct detection. Conclusion: According to the findings, the relation between alpha and theta waves, and based on underlying principles, neurofeedback treatment has achieved acceptable results. },  
Keywords = {Neurofeedback, Sustained attention, Posttraumatic stress disorder, Veterans},
volume = {4},
Number = {2}, 
pages = {97-104}, 
publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},

doi = {10.15412/J.JPCP.06040204},
url = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-311-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-311-en.pdf},  
journal = {Practice in Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {2423-5822}, 
eissn = {2423-5822}, 
year = {2016}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Dolatshahi, Behrouz and Abasi, Imaneh and Pahlavani, Hajar},  
title = {Prevalence of High Risk Behaviors among Women in Tehran}, 
abstract ={Objective: High risk behaviors among women can have detrimental consequences on this critical group of society and its increasing rate expose them to more serious dangers. In the light of these issues, the present study aimed to assess the prevalence of high risk behaviors of women living in Tehran. Hopefully, the study results may help take some measures to decrease high risk behaviors and solve some obstacles in preventing them. Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional research. The statistical population of the study was all women residing in Tehran, Iran. A total of 403 participants were recruited through multistage cluster sampling from 5 zones of Tehran with the mean(SD) age of 21.75(2.43) years. Six parts of each zone and then 1 avenue from each part were selected randomly for completing the questionnaires. At each part after gaining participants’ informed consents, they were asked to fill in risky behavior survey questionnaire. Results: The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS-20. Result indicated that the prevalence of driving without license, speed driving, using phone while driving, being under the influence of alcohol and substance abuse while driving, using motor­cycle without helmet, and sing a public transportation which driver is under the influence of drug or alcohol ranges from 2% to 7.7%., 3.2% to 6.7%, 2.7% to 9.7%, 0.7% to 2%., 0.5% to 6%, and 0.7% to 6.7% respectively in the last year. In regard to the prevalence of behaviors related to aggression, results demonstrated  the prevalence of carrying cold weapon at university or workplace in the last month, carrying cold weapon for protecting oneself in the last year, physical contact in last year, avoiding going to university or workplace because of feeling unsafe in the last year, exposing to bullying or be bulled in the last year ranged from 0.5% to 3.5%, 0.5% to 4.2%, 1.2% to 10.9%, 1% to 9.9%, and 1.2% to 8.2%, respectively. The prevalence of other high risk be­haviors, including suicidal thoughts in the last year, unsafe in­tercourse, alcohol use, cigarette, narcotics, stimulants and illegal drugs were 20.6%, 18.4%, 34.5%, 45.4%, and 14.1%, respectively. Conclusion: Results demonstrating that the prevalence of high risk behaviors among women was almost similar to studies in European, American, other parts of world studies and also Iranian studies done before which show increasing rate of high risk behaviors especially addiction in women. As women are among the most vulnerable and at high risk groups, especially in Eastern societies, paying attention to their problems and searching for their causes, as well as developing solutions to help them is crucially important.},  
Keywords = {High risk behaviors, Epidemiology, Women, Addiction, Tehran},
volume = {4},
Number = {2}, 
pages = {105-112}, 
publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},

doi = {10.15412/J.JPCP.06040205},
url = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-339-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-339-en.pdf},  
journal = {Practice in Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {2423-5822}, 
eissn = {2423-5822}, 
year = {2016}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Maleki, Behnam and VaezMousavi, Mohammad and Ghasemi, Abdolah},  
title = {The Effect of Working Memory Training on Working Memory Capacity and Performance of Novice Karateka}, 
abstract ={Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of working memory (WM) training on WM capacity and performance of novice karate practitioners (karateka). Methods: Research method is quasi-experimental with a pretest posttest control group design. A total of 24 karate practitioners were selected among Alborz (Alborz Province, iran) novice karateka by convenience sampling method and were randomly assigned into control and experimental groups. They were asked to complete WM capacity test and performance test. Then, the experimental group underwent a 25 session WM training course. Finally, both group completed the tests again. Instruments of gathering data included digit and spatial WM test, performance test, and WM training software. We used 1-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) for data analysis. Results: Our findings showed that WM training resulted in increase in WM capacity (F=61.87, P≤ 0.01) and performance (F=15.5, P≤0.01) of the intervention group. Conclusion: We suggest that coaches ask athletes to use WM training as a complement to physical exercises.},  
Keywords = {Working memory, Performance, Traning, Athletes},
volume = {4},
Number = {2}, 
pages = {113-120}, 
publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},

doi = {10.15412/J.JPCP.06040206},
url = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-324-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-324-en.pdf},  
journal = {Practice in Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {2423-5822}, 
eissn = {2423-5822}, 
year = {2016}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Rahabarian, Mahsa and Mohammadi, Abolfazl and Abasi, Imaneh and Meysamie, Alipasha and Nejatisafa, Aliakbar},  
title = {A Comparison of Emotional Schemas in Patients with Bipolar Disorders and Major Depressive Disorder in Remission and Nonclinical Population}, 
abstract ={Objective: Similarities and differences among mood disorders can help psychiatrics in their exact diagnosis and more effective treatments. Therefore, the current research sought to identify differences between patients with bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, and nonclinical group in emotional schemas. Methods: The present research was a cross-sectional study. The research sample consisted of 102 subjects (34 bipolar disorders, 34 with major depressive disorder, and 34 nonclinical) that selected by convenience sampling. They were matched for sex, age, and educational level. Subjects were diagnosed by Structured Clinical Interview for DSM disorders (SCID) and their mood was rated by Young mania rating scale (YMRS) and Beck depression inventory (BDI). General health questionnaire (GHQ) was also used for nonclinical population. Then, all three groups were asked to fill out the Leahy emotional schemas (LESS). Data were analyzed by ANOVA. Results: The scores on LESS in patients with bipolar and major depressive disorders were significantly different from the nonclinical groups. But there was not difference between them. Compared to two clinical groups, the healthy group reported greater scores in adaptive emotional schemas such as validation F(2,98)=21.03, p<0.0001, values F(2,97)=9.34, p<0.0001, acceptance F(2,93)=15.14, p<0.0001, and expression F(2,99)=8.19, p<0.001. But there were not significant difference in maladaptive emotional schemas except blame schema F(2,97)=17.24, p<0.0001. In fact, this schema was higher in patient with major depression disorder than the other two groups. Conclusion: Since there was no significant difference between clinical groups, these schemes are likely to be common elements between the clinical groups, so it seems that it is in line with transdiagnostic approach, However, further studies are required to illuminate specific and shared factors among bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder.},  
Keywords = {Emotional schemas, Bipolar disorder, Major depressive disorder},
volume = {4},
Number = {2}, 
pages = {121-128}, 
publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},

doi = {10.15412/J.JPCP.06040207},
url = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-331-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-331-en.pdf},  
journal = {Practice in Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {2423-5822}, 
eissn = {2423-5822}, 
year = {2016}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Aghayusefi, Alireza and Mirzahoseini, Hasan and Khazaeli, Mahnaz and Assarnia, Aliakbar},  
title = {The Effect of Psychoeducational Interventions on Illness Management in Families of Schizophrenic Patients}, 
abstract ={Objective: Educating families and caregivers of schizophrenic patients on controlling and managing the disorder, has found particular importance in clinical psychology. The present study aims to examine the effect of Psychoeducational interventions on illness management in families of schizophrenic patients. Methods: The present study is a quasi-experimental research with pretest-posttest design, and two control groups. The study sample consisted of 30 families with a schizophrenic member. The families were selected from referrals to a psychiatric center in Tehran (during a period of 40 days) who met the inclusion criteria, and were randomly placed into three groups: an experimental group, a control group with placebo, and a control group without placebo (10 persons in each group). A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data. The experimental group received trainings (a training package) and attended a group discussion on schizophrenia. The placebo group attended similar meetings, but without educational content and group discussion, and the second control group were only assessed in the pretest and posttest. After finishing the training sessions, and following an interval of 3 months, the posttest was conducted for each group. The study data were analyzed using univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA). All statistics were carried out using SPSS software, version 11. Results: According to the results, the experimental group had significantly higher gain scores (α≤0.05) than the two control groups, on the following variables: an increase in the adaptability of the patient in daily functioning, from the viewpoint of both a clinical psychologist and the patient’s family, an increase in the family’s knowledge of the illness, and a reduction in the adverse effects of the illness on the family’s feeling and attitude. Conclusion: The present study showed that family education is effective in increasing patients’ adaptability and patients’ family knowledge, and in reducing the adverse effects of the illness.},  
Keywords = {Schizophrenic, Psychoeducation interventions, Family, Illness management},
volume = {4},
Number = {2}, 
pages = {129-135}, 
publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},

doi = {10.15412/J.JPCP.06040208},
url = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-306-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-306-en.pdf},  
journal = {Practice in Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {2423-5822}, 
eissn = {2423-5822}, 
year = {2016}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Habibzadeh, Abbas and Khazaili, Mahnaz and Assarnia, Aliakbar},  
title = {The Relationship of Identity Styles and Attitude toward Delinquency with Delinquent Behavior of Adolescents}, 
abstract ={Objective: The present research aimed to study the relationship of identity styles and attitude toward delinquency with delinquent behavior of adolescents. Methods: The present research is a cross sectional study. Data collection tools were Berzonsky’s identity style inventory, attitude toward delinquent behaviors questionnaire, and interviews, which were analyzed through simultaneous regression analysis using SPSS software. Study sample consisted of all 150 male adolescents who were detained in Tehran’s Center for Correction and Rehabilitation for committing delinquency/crime. Results: Based on the obtained results, informational, normative, diffuse/avoidant, and commitment identity styles had significant associations with delinquency and positive and negative attitude toward delinquent behavior. In other words, identity styles and attitude toward delinquent behavior explained 57% of the changes in adolescents’ delinquent behavior (P<0.001). Conclusion: Given the importance of family and social models in the formation of identity styles as well as positive and negative attitudes toward delinquency, it is necessary to offer individual and group courses of educating families and adolescents to control and prevent delinquent behavior as well as providing suitable models for adolescents to gain proper identities.},  
Keywords = {Identity style, Attitude toward delinquency, Delinquent behavior},
volume = {4},
Number = {3}, 
pages = {145-150}, 
publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},

doi = {10.15412/J.JPCP.06040301},
url = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-411-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-411-en.pdf},  
journal = {Practice in Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {2423-5822}, 
eissn = {2423-5822}, 
year = {2016}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Bigdeli, Imanollah and GhassemBoroujerdi, Fatemeh and HajiZadeh, Farzaneh and GolchehrehRahimi, Zeinab and MihanDust, Masoomeh},  
title = {Comparing the Relationship between Focus of Attention and Attention Bias in Suicide and Non-suicide Attempters}, 
abstract ={Objective: Suicide rate is unfortunately increasing in recent years and its assessment is a must. Most studies have evaluated different factors like personality, depression, or environment in suicide attempters but cognitive functions have been overlooked in suicide attempters. The current research aimed to evaluate a kind of cognitive function, namely attention in survivors of suicide.  Methods: This case-control study was conducted in Tehran, Iran in 2015. Two groups of patients one with recent suicide attempts and the other one with no suicide attempt were compared in domains of focus of attention and attention bias. A total of 18 patients participated in each group. Instruments used for this research included questionnaire of focus of attention and simple stroop test software. Correlation of these 2 instruments was compared between groups. Data were analyzed by the independent t-test, ANOVA, and the Pearson correlation.  Results: Mean age of suicide attempters was 29.5 years which was significantly lower than that in the control group and most of them were women. They spent more time in recognizing incongruent stimulus, congruent, and incongruent response. The time that was spent on experiment of incongruent stimulus, congruent, and incongruent response was significantly higher in suicide attempters. In suicide attempters, there was a significant correlation between number of congruent and incongruent errors with focus of attention. Conclusion: Our results showed that attention as a cognitive function may be impaired in suicide attempters. Thus, it is necessary to recognize cognitive functions of suicide attempters along with other comorbid psychological factors for preventing future suicide attempts and eventually losing precious lives. },  
Keywords = {Attention, Cognitive function, Suicide},
volume = {4},
Number = {3}, 
pages = {151-158}, 
publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},

doi = {10.15412/J.JPCP.06040302},
url = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-412-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-412-en.pdf},  
journal = {Practice in Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {2423-5822}, 
eissn = {2423-5822}, 
year = {2016}  
}

@article{ 
author = {SoltaniAzemat, Ebrahim and Mohammadian, Abolfazl and HeydariDolatAbadi, Nasrin and Mohammadkhani, Parvaneh},  
title = {A Comparative Examination of Maladaptive Schemas in Sex Addicts and Normal Individuals}, 
abstract ={Objective: Sexual addiction is a psychiatric disorder with unpleasant personal, inter-personal, legal, social, and physical outcomes for the patients. The cycle of this disorder is based on a false belief system known as early maladaptive schemas. This study aimed to examine and compare maladaptive cognitive schemas in sex addicts and normal people. Methods: In the present study, a causal-comparative research method was undertaken. A total of 30 male sex addicts were selected using a snowball sampling method from the population of sex addicts in Tehran, Iran. Also, 30 normal men form the general population were selected as the control group. Control participants were matched with the patients with regard to demographic characteristics. Participants first completed the sexual addiction screening test-revised form and then the Young schema questionnaire (YSQ). The data were analyzed using the multivariate analysis of variance and stepwise discriminant analysis. All analyses were conducted using SPSS. Results: The results indicated that sex addicts scored on the YSQ significantly higher than participants in the control group (P<0.001). Discriminant analysis revealed that 5 schemas, including dependency, mistrust, subjugation, vulnerability, and emotional deprivation were the best predictors of being a member of sexual addiction or non-sexual addiction groups (P<0.001). Conclusion: Sex addicts have more and stronger early maladaptive schemas than normal people, so they can be distinguished from normal people according to the schemas of dependency, mistrust, subjugation, vulnerability, and emotional deprivation.},  
Keywords = {Sexual addiction, Maladaptive schemas, Discriminant analysis},
volume = {4},
Number = {3}, 
pages = {159-166}, 
publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},

doi = {10.15412/J.JPCP.06040303},
url = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-413-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-413-en.pdf},  
journal = {Practice in Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {2423-5822}, 
eissn = {2423-5822}, 
year = {2016}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Safarzadeh, Sahar},  
title = {The Relationship of Family Affective Climate, Self-effectiveness, Personal-Social Adjustment with Academic Achievement of University Students: A Study in Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran}, 
abstract ={Objective: This research aimed to investigate the relationship of family affective climate, self-effectiveness, and personal-social adjustment variables with academic achievement of university students in Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz branch, Ahvaz, Iran.  Methods: The research sample included 300 individuals (150 females and 150 males) who were selected through random stratified sampling method. California personal-social adjustment, Scherer and Adams self-effectiveness, and family’s affective climate questionnaires were administered to collect the data. Correlation coefficient and linear regression analysis were used for analyzing the data. Results: The results of the data analysis indicated that there is a significant relationship between variables of family’s affective climate, personal and social adjustment, and self-effectiveness with academic achievement of students (P<0.001). Furthermore, the results of linear regression analysis indicated that the variables of self-effectiveness, personal and social adjustment, and family’s affective climate were significant predictors of academic achievement. Conclusion: Improving student’s self-effectiveness, personal-social adjustment, and family’s affective climate may have positive influences on their academic achievement. },  
Keywords = {Family relations, Self-efficacy, Social adjustment, Educational status},
volume = {4},
Number = {3}, 
pages = {167-172}, 
publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},

doi = {10.15412/J.JPCP.06040304},
url = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-414-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-414-en.pdf},  
journal = {Practice in Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {2423-5822}, 
eissn = {2423-5822}, 
year = {2016}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Falakaflaki, Sima and Malekitabar, Mahmou},  
title = {Group Positive Psychotherapy Effect on Increasing the Happiness of Mothers of Children with Cochlear Implant}, 
abstract ={Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the effects of group positive psychotherapy on increasing the happiness of mothers of children with cochlear implants.  Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental research with pretest-posttest, a control group, and a 75-day follow-up design. A total of 20 mothers of children with cochlear implants treated in Baqiyatallah Hospital of Tehran City were randomly assigned to 2 groups (10 participants in the experimental and 10 participants in the control group). The experimental group received positive psychotherapy training during 10 sessions, 120 minutes in each session, one session per week and the control group received no interventions. Results: Research tool was Oxford Happiness Inventory, which was administered in 2 pretest and posttest steps and then the obtained data were analyzed using analysis of covariance method (ANCOVA). The results of ANCOVA showed that group positive psychotherapy was effective on happiness of mothers of children with cochlear implant (F1, 17=31.13, P<0.01). Conclusion: Group positive psychotherapy is an appropriate treatment approach to increase the happiness of mothers of children with cochlear implant. },  
Keywords = {Cochlear implant, Happiness, Mothers, Clinical psychotherapy},
volume = {4},
Number = {3}, 
pages = {173-182}, 
publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},

doi = {10.15412/J.JPCP.06040305},
url = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-415-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-415-en.pdf},  
journal = {Practice in Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {2423-5822}, 
eissn = {2423-5822}, 
year = {2016}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Akbari, Fatemeh and Farazmand, Shirin and Bahmani, Bahm},  
title = {The Relationship between Subjective Evaluation of Stressors and Depression in Menopausal Women: The Mediating Role of Life Satisfaction}, 
abstract ={Objective: Previous studies have shown that menopausal women are more likely to experience depression. However, there are few studies that investigated the cognitive mechanism that may have a role in developing depression in menopausal women. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the mediating role of life satisfaction in the relation between subjective evaluation of stressors and depression in the middle-aged menopausal women. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 107 female staff were selected by available sampling method from women aged 47 to 58 years, who were working at Shaid Beheshti University. The participants completed the Beck depression inventory (BDI-II), Kern lifestyle scale (KLS), and the satisfaction with life scale (SWLS). The data were analyzed by path analysis using hierarchical regression analysis. All statistics were done by SPSS 16.  Results: The results indicated that subjective evaluation of stressors of control, self-esteem, and perfectionism that measured by KLS in menopausal women was associated with depression and mediated through their life satisfaction (P<0.01). The control, self-esteem, and perfectionism styles are indirect predictors of depression through life satisfaction. Conclusion: Our findings suggested that subjective evaluation of stressors contributed to depression in menopausal women through affecting their life satisfaction. Objective sources of menopausal women stress (stressors) can be considered only as the potential sources of stress. These sources can lead to the real stress if the menopausal women perceives them as the threats to satisfaction of fundamental needs presented through their lifestyle.},  
Keywords = {Life style, Stress, Menopause, Life satisfaction, Depression},
volume = {4},
Number = {3}, 
pages = {183-190}, 
publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},

doi = {10.15412/J.JPCP.06040306},
url = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-416-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-416-en.pdf},  
journal = {Practice in Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {2423-5822}, 
eissn = {2423-5822}, 
year = {2016}  
}

@article{ 
author = {RahimiPordanjani, Saeid and GhobariBonab, Bagher and Afrooz, Gholam Ali and Faramrzi, Salar},  
title = {Localized Parent-Child Play Therapy Interaction and Decreasing Clinical Symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Affected Preschool Children}, 
abstract ={Objective: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in preschoolers usually decreases their academic performance and disrupts parent-child interactions. The present study aimed at evaluating the effect of localized play therapy on preschoolers with ADHD. Methods: The research method was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design and control group. Using a multi-stage random sampling method, and considering the inclusion criteria, a total of 24 mothers of preschoolers with ADHD were selected and randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group participated in 10 sessions of localized play therapy (LPT) while the control group received no training. The instruments for data collection were Vanderbilt ADHD diagnosis parents rating scale (VADPRS) and clinical interviews. Data analysis was conducted using ANCOVA (analysis of covariance). Results: The results showed that there was a statistically significant difference between the performance of the experimental and control groups at posttest, and upon the follow-up (P=<0.05). Conclusion: LPT has positive effects on clinical symptoms of ADHD in preschool children. Hence, this method can be used to improve the mental health of children with ADHD and their parents. },  
Keywords = {Play therapy, Impulsivity, Hyperactivity},
volume = {4},
Number = {3}, 
pages = {191-198}, 
publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},

doi = {10.15412/J.JPCP.06040307},
url = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-417-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-417-en.pdf},  
journal = {Practice in Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {2423-5822}, 
eissn = {2423-5822}, 
year = {2016}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Mohseni-Ezhiyeh, Alireza and Malekpour, Mokhtar and Ghamarani, Amir},  
title = {The Effect of Transdiagnostic Treatment on Mothers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder}, 
abstract ={Objective: The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of transdiagnostic treatments on worry and rumination of mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).  Methods: The study population included all mothers of children with ASD in Isfahan City. Among mothers of children with ASD, 40 individuals were selected from those who obtained the highest scores in worry and rumination (At least one SD higher than the mean scores of the group) and were randomly divided into control and experimental groups. To collect data, the Rumination Response Scale (RRS) and Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ) were used. The data were analyzed through multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) using SPSS-21.  Results: The results indicated that the transdiagnostic treatment is effective on the rumination (F=26.91, df=1 and 36, P<0.001) and worry (F=10.86, df=1 and 36, P<0.002).  Conclusion: Transdiagnostic treatment method can be an effective educational program for reducing emotional problems in mothers of children with ASD. },  
Keywords = {Transdiagnostic treatment, Rumination, Worry, Autism spectrum disorder},
volume = {4},
Number = {3}, 
pages = {199-207}, 
publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},

doi = {10.15412/J.JPCP.06040308},
url = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-418-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-418-en.pdf},  
journal = {Practice in Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {2423-5822}, 
eissn = {2423-5822}, 
year = {2016}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Mohammadkhani, Parvaneh and S.Dobson, Keith and Tamannaeifar, Mohammad Reza and Abasi, Imaneh and Azadmehr, Hedieh},  
title = {Psychological Treatment of Major Depression: An Analysis of the Sexual Desire}, 
abstract ={Objective: Sexual dysfunction is frequently reported as a side effect of many antidepressant medications. As a result, for those depressed patients to whom sexual desire is important, psychological treatment may be a better intervention. Thus, the present study aimed to determine the possible changes in sexual desire following psychological treatments in depression, when focus of therapy is not on sexual function. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study, which was conducted in Tehran, Iran. A total of 281 depressed patients in the remission phase underwent psychological treatments, either cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT, n=131) or mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT, n=150). The therapy did not focus on any aspect of sexual function. Using a single item measure before and after treatment, sexual desire of the patients was categorized into intact, mild, moderate, or severe decline. A total of 255 participants completed the study questionnaires and were randomly assigned to CBT (122) and MBCT groups (133). Before therapy, 128(50.2%) participants were categorized in intact sexual desire group, 73(28.6%) in mild sexual desire dysfunction group, 40(15.7%) in moderate sexual desire dysfunction group, and 14(5.5%) in severe sexual desire dysfunction group. Logistic regression was used for analyzing the data by SPSS-16. Results: Low sexual desire in depression remission was predicted by age (P<0.001, OR=0.21, CI=0.01–0.03), presence of comorbid anxiety disorder (P<0.04, OR=-0.13, CI=-0.46–0.02), and global assessment of functioning (GAF) (P<0.001, OR=-0.23, CI=-0.03–0.01). Clinical improvement in sexual desire was predicted by the type of intervention (P=0.023, OR=0.351, CI=0.142–0.869) and GAF (P=0.003, OR=0.927, CI=0.881–0.975). Conclusion: CBT might be superior to MBCT in improving sexual desire in patients with depression. Further studies using validated sexual function questionnaires are necessary.},  
Keywords = {Depression, Sexual desire, Cognitive behavioral therapy, Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy},
volume = {4},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {211-220}, 
publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},

doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jpcp.4.4.211},
url = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-434-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-434-en.pdf},  
journal = {Practice in Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {2423-5822}, 
eissn = {2423-5822}, 
year = {2016}  
}

@article{ 
author = {GhadiriSourmanAbadi, Farhad and Abdolmohamadi, Karim and BabapurKheiradin, Jalil and Ahmadi, Ezatolah},  
title = {Study of Vulnerability to Addiction With Regard to Self-Efficacy and Alexithymia in High School Students}, 
abstract ={Objective: We aimed to determine the relationship between self-efficacy and alexithymia with vulnerability to drug abuse among students. Methods: The study method was descriptive and correlational. In this study, 483 male high-school students from Salmas City, Iran were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method. All participants completed the Toronto alexithymia scale, general self-efficacy scale, a questionnaire to identify people at risk of addiction. The obtained data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation and simultaneous regression analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 20. Results: Based on the study findings, self-efficacy has the greatest ability to predict vulnerability to addiction. Next comes alexithymia which positively predicts vulnerability to addiction. Conclusion: The present study showed that low self-efficacy and failure to understand and express emotions can play important roles in the tendency of young people to drug addiction. Accordingly, clinicians can prevent the tendency of young people to addiction with improving the self-efficacy and enhancing the ability of individuals to control the emotions.},  
Keywords = {Addiction, Self-efficacy, Alexithymia, Vulnerability to addiction},
volume = {4},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {221-228}, 
publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},

doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jpcp.4.4.221},
url = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-436-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-436-en.pdf},  
journal = {Practice in Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {2423-5822}, 
eissn = {2423-5822}, 
year = {2016}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Rajabi, Gholamreza and Abbasi, Ghodrat Allah and Jelodari, Arash},  
title = {The Relationship Between Mate Selection Styles and Marital Satisfaction of Married Nurses}, 
abstract ={Objective: This study was conducted to compare marital satisfaction among married nurses with three different mate selection styles. Methods: This study is descriptive ex post facto. A total of 222 married nurses were selected using random sampling method from two educational hospitals affiliated to Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences and four private hospitals of Ahvaz, Iran. They completed mate selection styles questionnaire and the short form of marital satisfaction scale. The data were analyzed through ANOVA by using SPSS16. Results: The findings indicated significant differences in marital satisfaction between married nurses with free choice and arranged styles and between married nurses with free choice and mixed styles. But there was no significant difference between married nurses with arranged and mixed styles with regard to their marital satisfaction. Conclusion: The study nurses who belonged to recent generation of the community made their choices based on personal styles and criteria, and their families had no role in their marriage. Also, compared with last generations, they have higher marital satisfaction.},  
Keywords = {Mate-selection styles, Marital satisfaction, Nurses},
volume = {4},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {229-236}, 
publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},

doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jpcp.4.4.229},
url = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-438-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-438-en.pdf},  
journal = {Practice in Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {2423-5822}, 
eissn = {2423-5822}, 
year = {2016}  
}

@article{ 
author = {AlsadatMakkiyan, Raziyeh and Malekitabar, Mahmoud and Farahbakhsh, Kumars},  
title = {Attachment Styles and Self-Efficacy in Blind and Non-blind Female High School Students}, 
abstract ={Objective: The present study aimed at investigating the relationship between attachment styles and self-efficacy in blind and non-blind female high school students in Tehran. Methods: The statistical population consisted of all female students studying in grades one or two in Tehran girl’s high schools, in the academic year 2014. The study design was causal-comparative, conducted on 120 subjects consisting of 60 blind girls selected through convenient sampling method and 60 non-blind girls selected through randomized clustering sampling method. Data were collected through two questionnaires of attachment styles of Collins and Read (1990) (RAAS) and self-efficacy scale (SEQ-C) of Muris. To analyze the data, descriptive (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (multivariate analysis of variance) were used. Results: The study results indicated a significant difference between blind and non-blind students’ efficacy and attachment styles. Avoidance attachment style as well as emotional, social, and public efficacy of these two groups revealed no significant difference. Moreover, the results indicated a significant difference between anxiety attachment style and emotional, social, and public efficacy of these two groups (P>0.05). Finally, a significant difference was observed between secure attachment style and emotional, social, and general efficacy of blind and non-blind students. Conclusion: The blind and non-blind students are significantly different with regard to anxiety and secure attachment styles. However, their emotional, social, and academic self- efficacy seems to be the same. Although there was a significant difference between blind and non-blind students with regard to attachment styles, a significant association was seen between different dimensions of self-efficacy of blind and non-blind students (P<0.05).},  
Keywords = {Attachment styles, Self-efficacy, Blind, Non-blind, High school students},
volume = {4},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {237-248}, 
publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},

doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jpcp.4.4.237},
url = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-439-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-439-en.pdf},  
journal = {Practice in Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {2423-5822}, 
eissn = {2423-5822}, 
year = {2016}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Nasrollahi, Neda and Abasi, Imaneh and Mohammadi, Mohammad Reza and Pourramezani, Ali},  
title = {Protective Role of Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms in Schizophrenia}, 
abstract ={Objective: The relationship between obsessive compulsive disorder and schizophrenia has been a matter of dispute for ages. This study aimed to investigate the differences between schizophrenia with obsessive compulsive symptoms (OCS) and schizophrenia without OCS in affecting positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia.  Methods: Study participants comprised 30 patients with schizophrenia with OCS and 30 patients with schizophrenia without OCS which were enrolled through convenience sampling method from Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Diagnosis was made by a psychiatrist using SCID-I and the data were gathered using positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) and Yale-Brown obsessive-compulsive scale (Y-BOC). MANCOVA test was used for analyzing data.  Results: Results indicated that there was not any difference between schizophrenia with OCS group and schizophrenia without OCS group with regard to positive symptoms, but the difference in negative symptoms between two groups was significant.  Conclusion: The present study reveals that OCS may be a protective factor for schizophrenia. Further studies are needed to investigate other factors and mediators involved in this association},  
Keywords = {Schizophrenia, Obsessive-compulsive symptoms, Positive symptoms, Negative symptoms},
volume = {4},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {249-254}, 
publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},

doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jpcp.4.4.249},
url = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-440-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-440-en.pdf},  
journal = {Practice in Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {2423-5822}, 
eissn = {2423-5822}, 
year = {2016}  
}

@article{ 
author = {EbrahimZadehMousavi, Mohammad and MohammadKhani, Parvaneh and Pourshahbaz, Abbas and Samiei, Mercedeh and RigiKooteh, Behz},  
title = {Nonadherence Effective Factors in Bipolar Disorder With Previous Rehospitalization}, 
abstract ={Objective: Bipolar disorder is a severe mental disorder, and its prevalence is around 1% to 2%. Despite a vast literature around bipolar disorder, the reasons of its nonadherence and rehospitalization is still obscure. Several symptoms of bipolar disorder include changes in activity level, cognitive abilities, speech, and vegetative functions, such as sleep, sexual activity, as well as aggression, irritability, impulsive behaviors, and suicide. Owning to severity of symptoms, the first line of treatment is pharmacotherapy. After treating the acute phase of the disorder and controlling the symptoms, the patient is discharged from hospital with a relatively stable condition. Therefore, it is necessary and important for a patient to follow and adhere to the treatment. Methods: This research is a cross-sectional and prospective study. The study population includes all patients with bipolar disorder in Razi Psychiatric Hospital with a history of admission to psychiatric hospitals. A total of 73 patients with bipolar type I disorder with psychotic symptoms who had a history of admission to psychiatric hospitals with the same diagnosis, were recruited using a purposive, nonrandom sampling method. The study data were collected using medical records, semi-structured questionnaire (SCID), and a checklist. Results: The mean age of participants was 34.25 years, ranging from 20 to 51. It was found that only a few participants had a good treatment adherence (only 3.4%). The ANOVA and Chi-square tests showed demographic variables, such as gender, education, and age had effects on treatment nonadherence of patients with bipolar disorder. The results of linear regression analysis indicated that the t value for treatment adherence was significant (P<0.001). According to the regression model, patient’s treatment adherence in the past predicts the nonadherence in the future. Furthermore, the results showed a correlation of 0.42 between behavioral and medication treatment adherence in participants (P<0.01). Conclusion: The results of the present study highlight the importance of considering the demographic variables in bipolar disorders and further investigations.},  
Keywords = {Bipolar disorder, Adherence, Nonadherence},
volume = {4},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {255-262}, 
publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},

doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jpcp.4.4.255},
url = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-441-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-441-en.pdf},  
journal = {Practice in Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {2423-5822}, 
eissn = {2423-5822}, 
year = {2016}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Saremi, Ali Akbar and Nazari, Mohammad Ali and Shariat, Seyed Vahid and Dolatshahi, Behrooz},  
title = {The Efficacy of Psychoneurotherapy on Reducing Symptoms Severity in Treatment Naïve Patients With Obsessive-Compulsive Washing}, 
abstract ={Objective: The present study was carried out to examine the efficacy of psychoneurotherapy (PNT) on reducing symptoms severity in treatment-naïve patients with obsessive-compulsive washing. This study evaluated a new form of psychotherapy based on neurobiological model of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).  Methods: The study was conducted as a quasi-experimental research. The statistical population of this study included 130 obsessive-compulsive washers. A total of 40 patients were selected using inconvenience sampling method and then were randomly divided into two groups: PNT group (n=20) and sham feedback control group (n=20). Both groups received drug treatment, in addition, the experimental group received 20 sessions (twice per week) of PNT. The Yale-Brown obsessive compulsive scale (Y-BOCS), Maudsley obsessional-compulsive inventory (MOCI), depression, anxiety, and stress scale-21 (DASS-21), subjective united distress scale (SUDS) were administered before and after treatment. Eelectroencephography (EEG) was recorded in eyes open provocation stimuli condition. All EEGs were recorded drug free. Participants were prescribed PNT protocol based on the results of their quantitative EEG (QEEG) and low-resolution electromagnetic tomography analyses. The effects of PNT were analyzed using 1-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) after controlling pretest scores. The effect size (Cohen’s d), paired t test, and clinically significant change were calculated and assessed for all the clinical instruments.  Results: Thirty patients completed this study. Despite some methodological limitations, our results indicated that psychoneurotherapy is significantly efficient on treatment’s target. ANCOVA results supported that PNT could significantly improve the severity of OCD symptoms, depression, stress, anxiety symptoms, and subjective united distress scale compared to what was seen sham feedback control group (All P<0.001).  Conclusion: Psychoneurotherapy showed preliminarily evidence for the efficacy in the treatment of patients with obsessive-compulsive washing. The study is an attempt to provide a new non-invasive treatment of OCD washing. Future studies are needed to confirm our findings.},  
Keywords = {Psychoneurotherapy, Obsessive–compulsive Disorder, Washers, Quantitative EEG},
volume = {4},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {263-274}, 
publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},

doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jpcp.4.4.263},
url = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-437-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-437-en.pdf},  
journal = {Practice in Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {2423-5822}, 
eissn = {2423-5822}, 
year = {2016}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Aslzaker, Maryam and Pourshahbaz, Abbas and BagheriLankarani, Narges and Mohammadkhani, Parvaneh and Geranmayepour, Shiv},  
title = {Effects of Infertility Stress, Psychological Symptoms, and Quality of Life on Predicting Success Rate of IVF/ICSI Treatment in Infertile Women}, 
abstract ={Objective: In any society, attention to physical, mental, social, and cultural health status as well as spiritual interests and providing opportunities for realization of a dynamic and healthy life is considered as the guarantee for the community health in the coming years. One of the issues that troubles the mental health of some people is infertility. In this regard, this study aims to determine the effects of infertility stress, mental symptoms, and quality of life of infertile women on predicting success rate of intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment.  Methods: The present study employs correlational methodology. The study population comprised all women referred to Royan Infertility Institute, Tehran, Iran. The study sampling was purposeful and included 79 infertile women. Assessment tools used in this study were as follows: depression anxiety and stress scale (DASS-s), brief symptom inventory (BSI), fertility quality of life questionnaire (FertiQol), Newton infertility stress questionnaire, and demographic questionnaire. For statistical analysis, we used test correlation coefficients of data, multiple regression analysis, and logistic regression. Results: Nagelkerke squared correlation coefficient was equal to 0.253, i.e., the predictors of depression, anxiety, and stress, brief symptom, quality of life, infertility and infertility stress, all together can explain 25% of the variance of the dependent variable – success of ICSI / IVF treatment. Conclusion: When couples are waiting for the result of their treatments, infertile women start mental rumination and experience a variety of negative emotional experiences. These negative responses which entail cognitive, emotional, and behavioral aspects of individual’s psychological world, suppress the healing process and are underlying factors for physical vulnerability of infertile person against psychological pressures. Subsequently, this physical vulnerability influences outcomes of assisted reproductive technology.},  
Keywords = {Mindfulness, Stress, Infertility, Mental symptoms, Quality of life},
volume = {4},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {275-281}, 
publisher = {University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},

doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jpcp.4.4.275},
url = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-435-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-435-en.pdf},  
journal = {Practice in Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {2423-5822}, 
eissn = {2423-5822}, 
year = {2016}  
}